Even before the recession, the fundamental question facing journalism was whether the news industry could win a race against the clock for survival: could it find new ways to underwrite the gathering of news online, while using the declining revenue of the old platforms to finance the transition?

In 2008, the news agenda in the mainstream media shrank sharply, the press was late in picking up on the economic collapse and the war in Iraq all but disappeared from the news.

Journalists who work online are more optimistic about the future of their profession than are news people tied to more traditional media platforms, but at best their optimism is an uneasy one, according a new survey of members of the Online News Association produced by the Association and the Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism.

The newspaper industry exited a harrowing 2008 and entered 2009 in something perilously close to free fall. Perhaps some parachutes will deploy, and maybe some tree limbs will cushion the descent, but for a third consecutive year the bottom is not in sight.

We may well look back at 2008 as milestone in the history of the Web as a news destination.

Two years into a new generation of anchors, one hard reality about network news is clearer than before. Changing the cast and even the content of the programs will not change the dynamics of the enterprise. The limitations of time slot, changing lifestyles and the growing desire of Americans to get their news on demand are more compelling. The problem was not that the anchors had been there too long or that the shows were too traditional.

While many sectors of the mainstream news media struggled, in 2008 cable shined. CNN, Fox News and MSNBC all gained viewers, were projected to see record profits, and expected to increase spending on newsgathering and bureaus around the world. CNN even launched a wire service to compete with the Associated Press.