{"id":9547,"date":"2020-09-28T13:00:08","date_gmt":"2020-09-28T18:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/%year%\/%monthnum%\/%day%\/religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality\/"},"modified":"2024-04-13T23:44:30","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T04:44:30","slug":"religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2020\/09\/28\/religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality\/","title":{"rendered":"Religiously unaffiliated people more likely than those with a religion to lean left, accept homosexuality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/FT_20.09.28_Religiously-unaffiliated_Featured-image.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"A man holds a sign depicting the Spanish flag and calling for nonreligious education during the 2013 Madrid Gay Pride Parade. (Gonzalo Arroyo via Getty Images)\" class=\"wp-image-376517\" \/><figcaption>A man holds a sign depicting the Spanish flag and calling for nonreligious education during the 2013 Madrid Gay Pride Parade. (Gonzalo Arroyo via Getty Images)\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most people around the world <a href=\"http:\/\/www.globalreligiousfutures.org\/explorer\/custom#\/?subtopic=15&amp;chartType=pie&amp;data_type=percentage&amp;destination=from&amp;year=2010&amp;religious_affiliation=all&amp;countries=Worldwide&amp;gender=all&amp;age_group=all\">identify with a religion<\/a> or religious group. The rest, an estimated 16% of the global population in 2020, are <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/topics\/religiously-unaffiliated\/\">religiously unaffiliated<\/a>, meaning they identify as atheists, agnostics or describe their religion as \u201cnothing in particular.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-16399\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2020\/09\/28\/religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality\/ft_2020-09-28_unaffiliated_01-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"efefee\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #efefee;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_01.png?resize=480,1056 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_01.png?resize=620,1364 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_01.png?w=465\" alt=\"Religiously unaffiliated people more accepting of homosexuality\" class=\"wp-image-16399 not-transparent\" width=\"465\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many countries, being religiously unaffiliated is linked to certain social and political views. For example, in some countries, religiously unaffiliated adults \u2013 a group also known as religious \u201cnones\u201d \u2013 are more likely to express <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/06\/25\/global-divide-on-homosexuality-persists\/\">accepting views of homosexuality<\/a>, less likely to prefer traditional gender roles in marriages, and more likely to identify with the political left than are adults who identify with a religion, according to a 2019 Pew Research Center survey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The survey included 34 countries, 18 of which had samples of religiously unaffiliated adults that were large enough to be analyzed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most of these 18 countries, religiously unaffiliated adults were more likely than those who identify with a religion to say homosexuality should be accepted by society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, in South Korea, 60% of religious \u201cnones\u201d say homosexuality should be accepted by society, compared with 30% of religiously affiliated adults who say the same. Significant gaps also occur in Slovakia (34 percentage points), the United States (22 points), the Czech Republic (19 points) and even Russia (15 points), where acceptance of homosexuality is far less widespread across society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"is-style-alternate wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible js-react-collapsible is-style-alternate\" data-title=\"How we did this\" data-style=\"is-style-alternate\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center has long tracked demographic trends among the religiously affiliated and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/topics\/religiously-unaffiliated\/\">unaffiliated<\/a> as well as the behaviors and beliefs associated with people in those groups. This post draws on data from a Pew Research Center survey conducted across 34 countries from May 13 to Oct. 2, 2019, among 38,426 respondents. The survey was conducted face to face across Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and South Asia, and on the phone in North America and in the Asia-Pacific region. Across Europe, the survey was conducted over the phone in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK, but face to face in Central and Eastern Europe, Italy, Ukraine and Russia. In 18 of the 34 countries surveyed, there were a sufficient number of respondents who identified as atheist, agnostic or \u201cnothing in particular\u201d for additional subgroup analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The questions used for this report can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/06\/PG_2020.06.25_Global-Views-Homosexuality_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/PG_2020.04.30_Global-Gender-Equality_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/PG_2020.07.20_Global-Religion_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, along with responses, and its <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/methodology\/international-survey-research\/international-methodology\/all-survey\/all-country\/all-year\">methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Religiously unaffiliated people also tend to differ from those who identify with a religion when it comes to how they view gender roles in families. When asked what kind of marriage is a more satisfying way of life, religious \u201cnones\u201d in some countries analyzed are more likely than those who identify with a religion to prefer one where both the husband and wife have jobs and together take care of the household. And unaffiliated adults in 11 countries are less likely to say a marriage where the husband provides for the family and the wife takes care of the house and children is more satisfying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-16394\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2020\/09\/28\/religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality\/ft_2020-09-28_unaffiliated_02-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eaeae9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eaeae9;\" decoding=\"async\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_02.png?resize=480,692 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_02.png?resize=620,894 620w\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_02.png?w=620\" alt=\"Religiously unaffiliated people more likely to identify with the ideological left\" class=\"wp-image-16394 not-transparent\" width=\"310\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, religiously unaffiliated people in many countries analyzed are more likely than those who identify with a religion to place themselves on the political left. This difference is most pronounced in Spain, where 47% of unaffiliated people put themselves on the ideological left, compared with just 19% of those identifying with a religion. Double-digit differences also appear in the U.S., Canada, France, the UK, Italy, Australia, Germany and Sweden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These patterns are not universal. For example, in Sweden, about equal shares among the religiously unaffiliated and those who identify with a religion say homosexuality should be accepted by society (96% vs. 93%, respectively). Additionally, affiliated and unaffiliated adults are about equally likely to place themselves on the ideological left in several countries, including Argentina and Mexico. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When it comes to views about the importance of freedom of religion, there is no clear national pattern of differences between religiously affiliated and unaffiliated people. In seven of the countries analyzed \u2013 Argentina, Australia, Hungary, Mexico, the Czech Republic, South Korea and Slovakia \u2013 religious \u201cnones\u201d are less likely than religiously affiliated people to say it is <em>very<\/em> important that people in their country can practice their religion freely. In the other countries analyzed, there are no significant differences between the religiously unaffiliated and those who identify with a religion on this question.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Across the complete set of 34 countries surveyed in 2019, the share of religious \u201cnones\u201d varies, from less than 1% of the population in six countries (India, Indonesia, Lebanon, Nigeria, the Philippines and Tunisia), to around three-in-ten in the United States (27%), Germany (30%), Spain (31%) and Canada (32%), to roughly half the populations in South Korea (49%), Japan (51%) and the Czech Republic (53%) (these numbers <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2019\/10\/17\/in-u-s-decline-of-christianity-continues-at-rapid-pace\/#fn-32175-2\">can be quite sensitive<\/a> to interviewer effects and question wording). \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-16391\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2020\/09\/28\/religiously-unaffiliated-people-more-likely-than-those-with-a-religion-to-lean-left-accept-homosexuality\/ft_2020-09-28_unaffiliated_03-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e8e9df\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e8e9df;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?resize=480,497 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?resize=782,810 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?resize=960,995 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?resize=1200,1243 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?resize=1280,1326 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"1024\" width=\"988\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/09\/ft_2020.09.28_unaffiliated_03.png?w=988\" alt=\"Share of religiously unaffiliated varies widely across many countries\" class=\"wp-image-16391 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The absolute number of religious \u201cnones\u201d worldwide is expected to increase slightly from 1.17 billion in 2015 to 1.2 billion in 2060, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2017\/04\/07\/why-people-with-no-religion-are-projected-to-decline-as-a-share-of-the-worlds-population\/\">Pew Research Center projections<\/a>. However, since other religious groups are projected to grow much faster, the global share of religiously unaffiliated people is <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2017\/04\/05\/the-changing-global-religious-landscape\/#global-population-projections-2015-to-2060\">expected to fall<\/a> from 16% to 13% of the global population over the same time period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: The questions used for this report can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/06\/PG_2020.06.25_Global-Views-Homosexuality_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/PG_2020.04.30_Global-Gender-Equality_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/PG_2020.07.20_Global-Religion_TOPLINE.pdf\">here<\/a>, along with responses, and its <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/methodology\/international-survey-research\/international-methodology\/all-survey\/all-country\/all-year\">methodology<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In most of the 18 countries analyzed, religiously unaffiliated adults were more likely to say homosexuality should be accepted by society.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":584,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2020-10-01T18:11:20Z","apple_news_api_id":"edb33d7d-2df3-4ef5-886c-7a3efad6e3aa","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2020-10-29T22:56:00Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQ==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/A7bM9fS3zTvWIbHo--tbjqg","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0},"categories":[108,218,59,167,195],"bylines":[755],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[525,517],"workflow-status":[],"collection":[],"class_list":["post-9547","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","hentry","category-lgbtq-acceptance","category-lgbtq-attitudes-experiences","category-political-ideals-systems","category-religion-lgbtq-acceptance","category-religiously-unaffiliated","bylines-aidan-connaughton","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-global","research-teams-religion"],"label":"Short 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