{"id":8475,"date":"2022-07-07T13:00:29","date_gmt":"2022-07-07T18:00:29","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-04-23T23:55:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T03:55:48","slug":"attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/","title":{"rendered":"Attitudes about transgender issues vary widely among Christians, religious \u2018nones\u2019 in U.S."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><img decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017.\" class=\"wp-image-412430\" \/><figcaption>Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Growing shares of Americans believe that a person\u2019s gender is determined by their sex assigned at birth, according to a new <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/28\/americans-complex-views-on-gender-identity-and-transgender-issues\/\">Pew Research Center survey<\/a>, which finds major differences by religion on this question and others about transgender issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, a majority of White evangelical Protestants say society has gone too far in accepting people who are transgender, while religiously unaffiliated Americans are far more likely to say society has not gone far enough.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to better understand Americans\u2019 views about gender identity and people who are transgender or nonbinary \u2013 and how these views intersect with religion. These findings are part of a larger project that includes findings from six focus groups on <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/07\/the-experiences-challenges-and-hopes-of-transgender-and-nonbinary-u-s-adults\/\">the experiences and views of transgender and nonbinary adults<\/a> and estimates of the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/06\/07\/about-5-of-young-adults-in-the-u-s-say-their-gender-is-different-from-their-sex-assigned-at-birth\/\">share of U.S. adults who say their gender is different from the sex they were assigned at birth<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This analysis is based on a survey of 10,188 U.S. adults. The data was collected as a part of a larger survey conducted May 16-22, 2022. Everyone who took part is a member of the Center\u2019s American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way, nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories. Read more about the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/our-methods\/u-s-surveys\/the-american-trends-panel\/\">ATP\u2019s methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here are the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2022\/06\/PSD_06.28.22_gender.identity.topline.pdf\">questions used<\/a> for this analysis, along with their responses, and its <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/28\/methodology-51\/\">methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among U.S. adults overall, six-in-ten now say that whether a person is a man or a woman is determined by their sex assigned at birth. This figure is even higher among White evangelicals (87%) and Black Protestants (70%). Among Catholics, the share who say a person\u2019s gender cannot differ from sex at birth has risen from 52% in 2021 to 62% this year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By contrast, a majority of religiously unaffiliated Americans (58%) say a person\u2019s gender can be different from their sex assigned at birth, with atheists (76%) and agnostics (67%) especially likely to hold this view. The survey was conducted among Americans of all religious backgrounds, including Jews, Muslims, Buddhists and Hindus. But it did not obtain enough respondents from non-Christian religious groups to report separately on their responses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-12173\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/ft_22-07-04_transgender_1birth640px-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d5e7ee\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d5e7ee;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?resize=480,387 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?resize=782,630 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?resize=960,774 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?resize=1200,968 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?resize=1280,1032 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"516\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_1birth640px.png?w=640\" alt=\"Opposing bar chart showing three-quarters of U.S. Protestants believe gender is determined by sex at birth\" class=\"wp-image-12173 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Like the public as a whole, White evangelicals appear to have become more personally familiar with transgender people in recent years, according to the survey. About four-in-ten in this group (39%) say they know someone who is transgender, up from 33% last year and 25% in 2017. Over the same period, the share of White evangelicals who say society has gone too far in accepting people who are transgender increased from 61% in 2017 to 68% today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fact, White evangelicals are the only religious group analyzed in which a majority say that society has gone too far in accepting transgender people. Members of other Christian traditions \u2013 including White non-evangelical Protestants, Black Protestants and Catholics \u2013 are more divided over whether society has gone too far, not far enough, or been \u201cabout right\u201d in accepting transgender people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Religiously unaffiliated Americans are the only group in which half or more (53%) say society has not gone far enough in accepting people who are transgender, including 71% of atheists and 65% of agnostics who take this view.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-12175\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/ft_22-07-04_transgender_2accepting640px-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"cde0e9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #cde0e9;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?resize=480,413 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?resize=782,672 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?resize=960,825 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?resize=1200,1031 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?resize=1280,1100 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"550\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_2accepting640px.png?w=640\" alt=\"Bar chart showing White evangelicals most likely to believe society has become too accepting of transgender people\" class=\"wp-image-12175 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most White evangelical Protestants (71%) say that views about transgender issues and people who don\u2019t identify as a man or a woman are changing too quickly. Half or fewer of other Christians and roughly three-in-ten religious \u201cnones\u201d share this perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some of these differences in opinion reflect the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/28\/americans-complex-views-on-gender-identity-and-transgender-issues\/psdt_06-28-22_gender_identity_0_1\/\">partisan affiliations or age profiles<\/a> of particular religious groups. For example, White evangelicals are a heavily Republican group, while religious \u201cnones\u201d are heavily Democratic; overall, Republicans are much more likely than Democrats to say that society has gone too far in accepting people who are transgender. Likewise, younger people account for a relatively large share of religiously unaffiliated adults and are more likely to believe that society has not gone far enough in accepting transgender people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-12179\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/ft_22-07-04_transgender_3influence420px-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d5e1e6\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d5e1e6;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_3influence420px.png?resize=480,686 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_3influence420px.png?resize=782,1117 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_3influence420px.png?resize=840,1200 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"600\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_3influence420px.png?w=420\" alt=\"Bar chart showing half of White evangelicals say religion has 'a great deal' of influence on their views about gender, sex\" class=\"wp-image-12179 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But when asked directly, six-in-ten White evangelical Protestants say their religious views have influenced their perspective about whether someone\u2019s gender can be different from their sex assigned at birth at least \u201ca fair amount,\u201d including half who say their religion has had \u201ca great deal\u201d of influence on their views toward gender and sex. Among Catholics and White Protestants who are not evangelical, by comparison, just 14% say their religion has a great deal of influence on their opinions in this area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eight-in-ten religiously unaffiliated Americans, meanwhile, say religion has no influence at all on their views toward gender and sex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"views-on-government-policies-toward-transgender-people\">Views on government policies toward transgender people<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The survey also asked respondents for their views on several specific policy questions regarding transgender people. Opinions on these questions closely track broader views about gender and sex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, about seven-in-ten White evangelical Protestants say they favor policies that would require transgender individuals to use public bathrooms that match the sex they were assigned at birth (68%) \u2013 not the gender they identify with \u2013 as well as policies that would make it illegal for public schools to teach about gender identity in elementary school (69%). About half of White Protestants who are not evangelical favor each of these policies (48% and 49%, respectively), while support among Catholics, Black Protestants and religiously unaffiliated Americans tends to be lower.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is more support across the board for policies that would require transgender athletes to compete on teams that match their sex assigned at birth (rather than their gender identity), but again, White evangelicals are more likely than other Christians to support such policies, while religious \u201cnones\u201d are less supportive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-12181\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/ft_22-07-04_transgender_4policies640px-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d2ddd9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d2ddd9;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?resize=480,465 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?resize=782,758 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?resize=960,930 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?resize=1200,1163 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?resize=1280,1240 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"620\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_4policies640px.png?w=640\" alt=\"Bar chart showing support for policies surrounding transgender individuals differs by religious group\" class=\"wp-image-12181 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-12212\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/ft_22-07-04_transgender_5-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e5e7e2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e5e7e2;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_5.png?resize=480,892 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_5.png?resize=620,1152 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"576\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_5.png?w=310\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that most Christians in the U.S. oppose adding new gender options to government documents\" class=\"wp-image-12212 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same pattern is apparent in views toward nonbinary people \u2013 that is, those who don\u2019t identify as a man or a woman. For instance, most U.S. Christians \u2013 including 81% of White evangelicals, 67% of White Protestants who are not evangelical and 64% of Catholics \u2013 say government documents should not include options other than \u201cmale\u201d and \u201cfemale\u201d for people who don\u2019t identify as either.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Religiously unaffiliated Americans are more divided on this question, with 52% in favor of an alternate gender option and 47% against it. Among atheists and agnostics, specifically, clear majorities (70% and 60%) say government documents should have a gender option other than \u201cmale\u201d and \u201cfemale.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: Here are the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2022\/06\/PSD_06.28.22_gender.identity.topline.pdf\">questions used<\/a> for this analysis, along with their responses, and its <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/28\/methodology-51\/\">methodology<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Americans increasingly say gender is determined by one\u2019s sex assigned at birth, but they differ by religion on this and other transgender issues.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":340,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_crdt_document":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2022-07-07T17:00:46Z","apple_news_api_id":"f1715ab4-646f-4673-80ee-52a3739e2b63","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2022-07-07T21:09:21Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/A8XFatGRvRnOA7lKjc54rYw","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"bylines":[{"key":"_u3tpczogi","termId":854},{"key":"_mzp110y1r","termId":622}],"acknowledgements":[],"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[]},"categories":[219,108,167],"bylines":[854,622],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[517],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-8475","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","hentry","category-gender-identity","category-lgbtq-acceptance","category-religion-lgbtq-acceptance","bylines-michael-lipka","bylines-patricia-tevington","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-religion"],"label":"Short Read","post_parent":0,"word_count":1086,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/07\/07\/attitudes-about-transgender-issues-vary-widely-among-christians-religious-nones-in-u-s\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":12188,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/07\/FT_22.07.04_transgender_featured-jpg.webp?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"Signs mark an all-gender restroom in San Ramon, California, in 2017. (Photo via Smith Collection\/Gado\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[],"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"In U.S., views on transgender issues vary widely by religion","description":"Americans increasingly say gender is determined by one\u2019s sex assigned at birth, but they differ by religion on this and other transgender issues.","og_title":"Attitudes about transgender issues vary widely among Christians, religious \u2018nones\u2019 in U.S.","og_description":"Americans increasingly say gender is determined by one\u2019s sex assigned at birth, but they differ by religion on this and other transgender issues.","schema_type":"Article","noindex":false,"canonical_url":"","primary_terms":{"regions-countries":10822328,"research-teams":10818963},"custom_schema":[],"twitter_title":"Attitudes about transgender issues vary widely among Christians, religious \u2018nones\u2019 in U.S.","twitter_description":"Americans increasingly say gender is determined by one\u2019s sex assigned at birth, but they differ by religion on this and other transgender issues.","og_image":12188,"indexnow_submitted_at":null,"gsc_index_status":null},"prepublish_checks":{},"apple_news_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"relatedPostsOrdered":[],"bylinesOrdered":[{"key":"_u3tpczogi","termId":854},{"key":"_mzp110y1r","termId":622}],"acknowledgementsOrdered":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/short-read\/8475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/short-read"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/short-read"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/340"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8475"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/short-read\/8475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27462,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/short-read\/8475\/revisions\/27462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"bylines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bylines?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"collection","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/collection?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"datasets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/datasets?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"_post_visibility","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_post_visibility?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/formats?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"_fund_pool","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_fund_pool?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/languages?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"regions-countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/regions-countries?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"research-teams","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-teams?post=8475"},{"taxonomy":"workflow-status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/workflow-status?post=8475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}