{"id":8202,"date":"2023-01-20T10:58:54","date_gmt":"2023-01-20T15:58:54","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-04-23T23:55:20","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T03:55:20","slug":"for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/","title":{"rendered":"For Black History Month, a look at what Black Americans say is needed to overcome racial inequality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><img decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FT_23.01.19_BlackHistoryMonth_feature.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-421327\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Signs in a storefront in Brooklyn, New York City, on June 1, 2020. The city had imposed a curfew following days of mass protests against police brutality. (Erik McGregor\/LightRocket via Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Black History Month <a href=\"https:\/\/asalh.org\/about-us\/about-black-history-month\/\">originated in 1926<\/a> as Negro History Week. Created by Carter G. Woodson, a Black historian and journalist, the week celebrated the achievements of Black Americans following their emancipation from slavery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since 1928, the organization that Woodson founded, the Association for the Study of African American Life and History, has selected an <a href=\"https:\/\/asalh.org\/black-history-themes\/#:~:text=a%20printable%20pdf-,PAST%20THEMES,-1928%20Civilization%3A%20A\">annual theme for the celebration<\/a>. The theme for 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/asalh.org\/black-history-themes\/#:~:text=Black%20History%20Month-,2023%20THEME,-2023%20%E2%80%93%20Black%20Resistance\">\u201cBlack Resistance,\u201d<\/a> is intended to highlight how Black Americans have fought against racial inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Black Americans\u2019 resistance to racial inequality has deep roots in U.S. history and has taken many forms \u2013 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross\/history\/did-african-american-slaves-rebel\/\">slave rebellions<\/a> during the colonial era and through the Civil War to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/from-civil-rights-to-black-lives-matter1\/\">protest movements<\/a> in the 1950s, \u201960s and today. But Black Americans have also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/exhibits\/african-american-odyssey\/booker-t-washington-era.html\">built institutions<\/a> to support their communities such as churches, colleges and universities, printing presses, and fraternal organizations. These movements and institutions have stressed the importance of freedom, self-determination and equal protection under the law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Black Americans have long articulated a clear vision for the kind of social change that would improve their lives. Here are key findings from Pew Research Center surveys that explore Black Americans\u2019 views about how to overcome racial inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This analysis examines how Black people view issues of racial inequality and social change in the U.S. It is part of a larger Pew Research Center project that aims to understand Americans\u2019 views of racial inequity and social change in the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For this analysis, we surveyed 3,912 Black U.S. adults from Oct. 4-17, 2021. Black U.S. adults include those who are single-race, non-Hispanic Black Americans; multiracial, non-Hispanic Black Americans; and adults who indicate they are Black and Hispanic. The survey includes 1,025 Black adults on Pew Research Center\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/our-methods\/u-s-surveys\/the-american-trends-panel\/\">American Trends Panel (ATP)<\/a> and 2,887 Black adults on Ipsos\u2019 KnowledgePanel. Respondents on both panels are recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recruiting panelists by phone or mail ensures that nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. This gives us confidence that any sample can represent the whole population (see our <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2017\/05\/12\/methods-101-random-sampling\/\">Methods 101 explainer<\/a> on random sampling).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here are <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/08\/RE_2022.08.30_Black-Voices-Politics_TOPLINE.pdf\">the questions used<\/a> for the survey, along with responses, and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-voices-politics-methodology\/\">its methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-10765\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/ft_2023-01-20_black-history-month-2023_01-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"dbe1e0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dbe1e0;\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_01.png?resize=480,686 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_01.png?resize=620,886 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_01.png\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that majorities of Black adults say voting and supporting Black businesses are effective ways to move toward equality\" class=\"wp-image-10765 not-transparent\" width=\"310\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-has-big-number wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Most <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-americans-views-on-political-strategies-leadership-and-allyship-for-achieving-equality\/#h-black-adults-see-voting-as-the-most-effective-strategy-for-moving-toward-equality-in-the-u-s\">Black adults see voting<\/a> as an extremely or very effective strategy for helping Black people move toward equality, but fewer than half say the same about protesting.<\/strong> More than six-in-ten Black adults (63%) say voting is an extremely or very effective strategy for Black progress. However, only around four-in-ten (42%) say the same about protesting.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are notable differences in these views across political and demographic subgroups of the Black population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Black Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents are more likely than Black Republicans and Republican leaners to say voting is an extremely or very effective tactic for Black progress (68% vs. 46%). Black Democrats are also more likely to say the same about supporting Black businesses (63% vs. 41%) and protesting (46% vs. 32%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Views also differ by age. For example, around half of Black adults ages 65 and older (48%) say protests are an extremely or very effective tactic, compared with 42% of those ages 50 to 64 and 38% of those 30 to 49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-10772\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/ft_2023-01-20_black-history-month-2023_02-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e7eae9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e7eae9;\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_02.png?resize=480,855 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_02.png?resize=620,1104 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_02.png\" alt=\"A bar chart showing nearly four-in-ten Black adults say Black Lives Matter has done the most to help Black people in recent years\" class=\"wp-image-10772 not-transparent\" width=\"310\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-has-big-number wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Black Americans say Black Lives Matter has <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/10\/10\/black-lives-matter-tops-list-of-groups-that-black-americans-see-as-helping-them-most-in-recent-years\/\">done the most<\/a> to help Black people in recent years. <\/strong>Around four-in-ten Black adults (39%) say this, exceeding the share who point to the NAACP (17%), Black churches or other religious organizations (13%), the Congressional Black Caucus (6%) and the National Urban League (3%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Black Democrats are more likely than Black Republicans (44% vs. 26%) to say Black Lives Matter has done the most to help Black people in recent years. And Black adults with at least a college degree are more likely than those with less education (44% vs. 37%) to say Black Lives Matter has done the most.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-has-big-number wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Some Black adults see <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-americans-views-on-political-strategies-leadership-and-allyship-for-achieving-equality\/#h-some-black-adults-see-black-businesses-and-communities-as-effective-remedies-for-inequality\">Black-owned businesses<\/a> and Black-led communities as effective remedies for inequality. <\/strong>When it comes to moving Black people toward equality, about four-in-ten Black adults (39%) say having all businesses in Black neighborhoods be owned by Black people would be an extremely or very effective strategy. Smaller shares say the same about establishing a national Black political party (31%) and having all the elected officials governing Black neighborhoods be Black (27%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While none of these strategies have majority support among Black adults, certain groups are more likely than others to say they would be effective. Those who say being Black is at least very important to their identity are especially likely to say each of the three strategies are effective, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Those with a high school education or less are more likely than college graduates to say establishing a national Black political party would be effective at achieving equality for Black people. Meanwhile, younger Black adults (ages 18 to 49) are more likely than older ones (50 and older) to say Black officials governing Black neighborhoods would help make progress toward equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-10776\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/ft_2023-01-20_black-history-month-2023_03-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e3e9e5\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e3e9e5;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?resize=480,461 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?resize=782,750 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?resize=960,921 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?resize=1200,1151 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?resize=1280,1228 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"614\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_03.png?w=640\" alt=\"A chart showing that roughly a third of Black adults say establishing a national Black political party would be effective for achieving equality in the U.S.\" class=\"wp-image-10776 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-has-big-number wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The vast majority of Black adults say the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-americans-views-on-systemic-change\/#h-black-adults-say-the-criminal-justice-system-needs-to-be-completely-rebuilt\">prison system needs significant changes<\/a> for Black people to be treated fairly. <\/strong>That includes a majority of Black adults (54%) who say the prison system needs to be \u201ccompletely rebuilt\u201d in order to ensure fair treatment. Groups especially likely to say this include Black Democrats and those who say being Black is extremely or very important to how they see themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Far smaller shares of Black adults say the prison system requires only minor or no changes, though this view is more common among Black Republicans and those who say being Black is somewhat, a little or not at all important to their identity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-10783\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/ft_2023-01-20_black-history-month-2023_04-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e8ebea\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e8ebea;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?resize=480,384 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?resize=782,626 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?resize=960,768 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?resize=1200,960 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?resize=1280,1024 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"512\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_04.png?w=640\" alt=\"A chart showing that the vast majority of Black adults say the prison system needs major changes or needs to be completely rebuilt\" class=\"wp-image-10783 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-10789\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/01\/20\/for-black-history-month-a-look-at-what-black-americans-say-is-needed-to-overcome-racial-inequality\/ft_2023-01-20_black-history-month-2023_05-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e1e5e2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e1e5e2;\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_05.png?resize=480,400 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_05.png?resize=782,652 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_05.png?resize=840,700 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/01\/ft_2023.01.20_black-history-month-2023_05.png\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that majorities of Black adults say other racial and ethnic groups could make good political allies\" class=\"wp-image-10789 not-transparent\" width=\"420\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-has-big-number wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Clear majorities of Black adults say people of other races or ethnicities could <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-americans-views-on-political-strategies-leadership-and-allyship-for-achieving-equality\/#h-black-americans-say-race-matters-little-when-choosing-political-allies\">make good political allies<\/a> for Black people.<\/strong> About four-in-ten Black adults (42%) say White people would make good political allies only if they experience the same hardships as Black people; another 35% say White people would make good political allies even if they don\u2019t experience these same hardships. Around one-in-five Black adults (18%) say White people would not make good political allies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">About four-in-ten Black adults (37%) say Latinos would make good allies only if they experience the same hardships as Black people, while a similar share (40%) say Latino people would make for good allies even if they don\u2019t experience the same hardships. Some 16% of Black adults say Latinos would not make good political allies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The views of Black adults on this question are similar when it comes to Asian people, though a somewhat higher share (23%) say Asian Americans would not make good political allies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: Here are <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/08\/RE_2022.08.30_Black-Voices-Politics_TOPLINE.pdf\">the questions used<\/a> for the survey, along with responses, and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-voices-politics-methodology\/\">its methodology<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most Black adults (63%) say voting is an extremely or very effective strategy for Black progress; only 42% say the same of protesting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":648,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2023-01-20T15:59:04Z","apple_news_api_id":"52c1932c-034e-4edf-99b7-0452f21d43f3","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2023-01-20T15:59:04Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AUsGTLANOTt-ZtwRS8h1D8w","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[]},"categories":[149,147,430,141],"bylines":[629,796],"collection":[],"datasets":[2124],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[523],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-8202","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","hentry","category-black-americans","category-race-ethnicity-politics","category-race-ethnicity-politics-2","category-racial-bias-discrimination","bylines-jens-manuel-krogstad","bylines-kiana-cox","datasets-w97","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-race-and-ethnicity"],"label":"Short 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