{"id":293637,"date":"2026-03-13T09:59:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T13:59:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?post_type=short-read&#038;p=293637"},"modified":"2026-03-13T09:59:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T13:59:53","slug":"federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2026\/03\/13\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\/","title":{"rendered":"Federal workforce shrank 10% in Trump\u2019s first year back in office"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><img data-dominant-color=\"646467\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #646467;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?resize=480,270 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?resize=782,440 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?resize=960,540 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?resize=1280,720 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"360\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Job seekers wait in line to enter a job fair event in Silver Spring, Maryland, on April 16, 2025. (Roberto Schmidt\/AFP via Getty Images)\" class=\"wp-image-293644 not-transparent\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Job seekers wait in line to enter a job fair event in Silver Spring, Maryland, on April 16, 2025. (Roberto Schmidt\/AFP via Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The federal workforce shrank by 10.3% in 2025, or a net of nearly 238,000 workers, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of recently published government data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignright has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><figure class=\"wp-chart-builder\">\t\t<div style=\"max-width:310px\" class=\"wp-chart-builder-wrapper alignnone wp-block-prc-chart-builder-controller\" id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/controller\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7&quot;,&quot;postId&quot;:293637,&quot;postUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/short-reads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\\\/&quot;,&quot;chartPostUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/chart\\\/federal-worker-employment-fell-in-2025\\\/&quot;,&quot;postPubDate&quot;:&quot;2026-03-13&quot;,&quot;rootUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org&quot;,&quot;featuredImageId&quot;:289869,&quot;featuredImageUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/20\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Federal worker employment fell in 2025 ...&quot;,&quot;subtitle&quot;:&quot;Headcount as of December in each year&quot;,&quot;note&quot;:&quot;Note: Figures for new hires exclude people who transferred into publicly reported federal jobs from elsewhere in the federal government. \\&quot;Separations\\&quot; includes quits, retirements, terminations and other means by which people left federal employment, but excludes those who transferred to a federal job outside OPM&#039;s publicly reported dataset.&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;PEW RESEARCH CENTER&quot;,&quot;tableData&quot;:{&quot;header&quot;:[&quot;Year&quot;,&quot;Federal workers&quot;,&quot;New hires&quot;,&quot;Separations&quot;],&quot;rows&quot;:[[&quot;2016&quot;,&quot;2093868&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2017&quot;,&quot;2081160&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2018&quot;,&quot;2097881&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2019&quot;,&quot;2131465&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2020&quot;,&quot;2171513&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2021&quot;,&quot;2170157&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2022&quot;,&quot;2176983&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2023&quot;,&quot;2261282&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;2024&quot;,&quot;2312301&quot;,&quot;263433&quot;,&quot;-192562&quot;],[&quot;2025&quot;,&quot;2074649&quot;,&quot;116912&quot;,&quot;-348219&quot;]],&quot;footer&quot;:[]}}\" data-wp-init--detect-web-share-support=\"callbacks.detectWebShareSupport\" data-wp-init--sync-table-height=\"callbacks.syncTableHeight\" data-png-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png\" data-has-csv=\"true\" data-post-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2026\/03\/13\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\/\" data-chart-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/chart\/federal-worker-employment-fell-in-2025\/\" data-chart-title=\"Federal worker employment fell in 2025 ...\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-allow-overlay=\"true\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-inner wp-block-prc-chart-builder-chart\" id=\"chart-block-2\" data-wp-key=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7-chart\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/chart\" data-wp-router-region=\"chart-1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7-chart\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7-chart&quot;}\" data-wp-watch--init-render=\"\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.watchForResize\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__text-wrapper\" style=\"max-width:310px;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 0 0 10px; max-width:310px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\">Federal worker employment fell in 2025 &#8230;<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\">Headcount as of December in each year<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"289869\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=289869\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f4f2f0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f2f0;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"1160\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-289869 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=160,299 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=547,1024 547w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=216,405 216w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=200,374 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=260,486 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=310,580 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=420,786 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/SR_26.03.23_fed_workforce_trend_d7b9a3.png?resize=320,599 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Note: Figures for new hires exclude people who transferred into publicly reported federal jobs from elsewhere in the federal government. &#8220;Separations&#8221; includes quits, retirements, terminations and other means by which people left federal employment, but excludes those who transferred to a federal job outside OPM&#8217;s publicly reported dataset.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\">PEW RESEARCH CENTER<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; max-width:310px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t<!-- register a callback on this div to see if the native share is supported -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__overlay\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"share-modal__overlay-1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t><\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- TODO: I would like to be able to use the social share block here. Need to modify it to work with the share modal. -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal\" id=\"share-modal-1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"share-modal__title\">Share this chart<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"share-modal__close\" aria-label=\"Close Share Modal\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dashicons dashicons-no-alt\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on X<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\" id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7-table\" style=\"max-width:310px;\">\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 310px;\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\">Federal worker employment fell in 2025 &#8230;<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\">Headcount as of December in each year<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table__inner\" style=\"max-width: 310px !important; margin-bottom: 0; overflow: auto;\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<figure class=\"wp-block-prc-block-table is-scroll-on-pc is-scroll-on-mobile has-sans-serif-font-family has-small-font-size\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout is-sticky-first-column\"><thead><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;width:25%;vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1\">Year<\/th><th style=\"text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1\">Federal workers<\/th><th style=\"text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1\">New hires<\/th><th style=\"text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1\">Separations<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2016<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2093868<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2017<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2081160<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2018<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2097881<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2019<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2131465<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2020<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2171513<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2021<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2170157<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2022<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2176983<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2023<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2261282<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2024<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2312301<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">263433<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-192562<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left;width:25%\">2025<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2074649<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">116912<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-348219<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__download-data-button-hr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__download-data-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"has-sans-serif-font-family\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\tDownload data as .csv\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Note: Figures for new hires exclude people who transferred into publicly reported federal jobs from elsewhere in the federal government. &#8220;Separations&#8221; includes quits, retirements, terminations and other means by which people left federal employment, but excludes those who transferred to a federal job outside OPM&#8217;s publicly reported dataset.<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\">PEW RESEARCH CENTER<\/div>\n\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; max-width: 310px;\">\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons\" style=\"max-width:310px;\"><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__tabs\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-chart-id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Chart<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-chart-id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Data<\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__actions\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--download-image\" data-chart-id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadImage\">Download Image<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--share\" data-chart-view=\"share\" data-chart-id=\"1c8d0816-b906-4650-a7b4-6f96e7b586d7\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Share<\/button><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A total of 348,219 people quit, retired, were laid off or otherwise left federal employment last year \u2013 an 80.8% increase from 2024. At the same time, 116,912 people started working for the federal government \u2013 a 55.6% <em>decrease<\/em> from the year before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The job losses affected a broad swath of federal workers, with few noteworthy distinctions among people of different educational attainment, length of federal service and type of appointment (that is, the competitive civil service or otherwise).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2025\/12\/18\/nx-s1-5626822\/trump-federal-workers-firing-civil-servants\">the Trump administration\u2019s job cuts<\/a> disproportionately affected younger and less experienced federal workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">People younger than 35 made up 18% of the federal workforce at the end of 2024, but that figure had slipped to 16.8% by the end of 2025. And workers with less than two years of experience \u2013 most of whom would still have been on probation and without full civil service protections \u2013 fell from 16.2% of the federal workforce to 10.3%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Office of Personnel Management, the federal government\u2019s human resources department, no longer publishes data on the gender, race, ethnicity or disability status of federal workers. This information was available when we performed a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/01\/07\/what-the-data-says-about-federal-workers\/\">similar analysis in January 2025<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/01\/07\/what-the-data-says-about-federal-workers\/\"><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-style-plus-icon has-border-color has-ui-gray-light-border-color has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-background has-sans-serif-font-family is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-61b01db2 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.009), 0.88em);\"><summary>About this research<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This Pew Research Center analysis looks at how the size and composition of the federal workforce changed throughout 2025. The OPM data was accessed on various dates between Feb. 20 and March 10, 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why did we do this?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center does research to help the public,&nbsp;media&nbsp;and decision-makers understand important topics. This project builds on our previous work examining the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/01\/07\/what-the-data-says-about-federal-workers\/\">federal workforce<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How did we do this?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We analyzed data made public by the federal Office of Personnel Management (OPM) through its <a href=\"https:\/\/data.opm.gov\/\">Federal Workforce Data<\/a> tools. In most cases, we compared data from December 2025 (the most recent available) to December 2024, to capture the dramatic changes made by President Donald Trump\u2019s second administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We also analyzed separate OPM data on new hires and separations (workers who quit, retired, were laid off or otherwise left the federal workforce.) We excluded workers who transferred into (or out of) positions publicly disclosed by OPM from (or to) other federal jobs that aren\u2019t part of OPM\u2019s publicly accessibly dataset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The OPM dataset covers civilian federal workers only \u2013 active-duty members of the armed forces aren\u2019t considered \u201cemployees.\u201d Also, it covers most, but not all, civilian federal employment, as mentioned in the text. People who move between jobs that are and aren\u2019t recorded in OPM\u2019s dataset aren\u2019t included in our analysis. That\u2019s the main reason the numbers for new hires, separations and year-end employment may not align precisely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We were unable to analyze some demographic characteristics that we had featured in our previous work \u2013 notably the race, ethnicity and gender of federal workers \u2013 because OPM no longer makes that information available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We also excluded certain data points about federal workers, such as where they do their jobs and how much they make. OPM has redacted that data from so many of its records that we couldn\u2019t present the remaining data and be confident it wasn\u2019t skewed in some way.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"which-federal-agencies-saw-the-biggest-decreases-in-workers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which federal agencies saw the biggest decreases in workers?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among major agencies, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/c07zpmzxln1o\">Education Department<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2025\/07\/01\/nx-s1-5451372\/usaid-officially-shuts-down-and-merges-remaining-operations-with-state-department\">U.S. Agency for International Development<\/a> (USAID) \u2013 two of President Donald Trump\u2019s earliest and most frequent targets \u2013 had the steepest job cuts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignright has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><figure class=\"wp-chart-builder\">\t\t<div style=\"max-width:420px\" class=\"wp-chart-builder-wrapper alignnone wp-block-prc-chart-builder-controller\" id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/controller\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79&quot;,&quot;postId&quot;:293637,&quot;postUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/short-reads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\\\/&quot;,&quot;chartPostUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/chart\\\/how-much-have-certain-federal-departments-and-agencies-shrunk\\\/&quot;,&quot;postPubDate&quot;:&quot;2026-03-13&quot;,&quot;rootUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org&quot;,&quot;featuredImageId&quot;:289886,&quot;featuredImageUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/20\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;How much have certain federal departments and agencies shrunk?&quot;,&quot;subtitle&quot;:&quot;Headcount at Cabinet departments and larger independent agencies, as of \\u2026&quot;,&quot;note&quot;:&quot;* Within the Defense Department but counted separately by OPM.&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;PEW RESEARCH CENTER&quot;,&quot;tableData&quot;:{&quot;header&quot;:[&quot;Department\\\/Agency&quot;,&quot;Group&quot;,&quot;Dec 2024&quot;,&quot;Dec 2025&quot;,&quot;% change&quot;],&quot;rows&quot;:[[&quot;Veterans Affairs&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;480075&quot;,&quot;451121&quot;,&quot;-6.0%&quot;],[&quot;Homeland Security&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;231337&quot;,&quot;227584&quot;,&quot;-1.6%&quot;],[&quot;Army*&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;222831&quot;,&quot;198448&quot;,&quot;-10.9%&quot;],[&quot;Navy*&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;221918&quot;,&quot;205643&quot;,&quot;-7.3%&quot;],[&quot;Air Force*&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;173456&quot;,&quot;156678&quot;,&quot;-9.7%&quot;],[&quot;Defense&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;159983&quot;,&quot;146609&quot;,&quot;-8.4%&quot;],[&quot;Justice&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;117379&quot;,&quot;107415&quot;,&quot;-8.5%&quot;],[&quot;Treasury&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;117063&quot;,&quot;89881&quot;,&quot;-23.2%&quot;],[&quot;Health and Human Services&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;93035&quot;,&quot;75134&quot;,&quot;-19.2%&quot;],[&quot;Agriculture&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;91047&quot;,&quot;72049&quot;,&quot;-20.9%&quot;],[&quot;Interior&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;64082&quot;,&quot;56872&quot;,&quot;-11.3%&quot;],[&quot;Transportation&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;57462&quot;,&quot;53512&quot;,&quot;-6.9%&quot;],[&quot;Commerce&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;48804&quot;,&quot;42084&quot;,&quot;-13.8%&quot;],[&quot;Energy&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;17607&quot;,&quot;14955&quot;,&quot;-15.1%&quot;],[&quot;Labor&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;14504&quot;,&quot;12421&quot;,&quot;-14.4%&quot;],[&quot;State&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;14485&quot;,&quot;11713&quot;,&quot;-19.1%&quot;],[&quot;Housing and Urban Development&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;8842&quot;,&quot;6299&quot;,&quot;-28.8%&quot;],[&quot;Education&quot;,&quot;Dept&quot;,&quot;4273&quot;,&quot;2453&quot;,&quot;-42.6%&quot;],[&quot;Social Security Administration&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;57952&quot;,&quot;50718&quot;,&quot;-12.5%&quot;],[&quot;National Aeronautics and Space Administration&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;17999&quot;,&quot;16869&quot;,&quot;-6.3%&quot;],[&quot;Environmental Protection Agency&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;16990&quot;,&quot;14661&quot;,&quot;-13.7%&quot;],[&quot;General Services Administration&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;13391&quot;,&quot;10346&quot;,&quot;-22.7%&quot;],[&quot;Small Business Administration&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;8611&quot;,&quot;5779&quot;,&quot;-32.9%&quot;],[&quot;Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;6559&quot;,&quot;5626&quot;,&quot;-14.2%&quot;],[&quot;Smithsonian Institution&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;4489&quot;,&quot;4228&quot;,&quot;-5.8%&quot;],[&quot;Securities and Exchange Commission&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;4866&quot;,&quot;3992&quot;,&quot;-18.0%&quot;],[&quot;Consumer Financial Protection Bureau&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;1752&quot;,&quot;1248&quot;,&quot;-28.8&quot;],[&quot;Peace Corps&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;985&quot;,&quot;709&quot;,&quot;-28.0&quot;],[&quot;U.S. Agency for International Development&quot;,&quot;Agencies&quot;,&quot;4895&quot;,&quot;370&quot;,&quot;-92.4%&quot;]],&quot;footer&quot;:[]}}\" data-wp-init--detect-web-share-support=\"callbacks.detectWebShareSupport\" data-wp-init--sync-table-height=\"callbacks.syncTableHeight\" data-png-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png\" data-has-csv=\"true\" data-post-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2026\/03\/13\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\/\" data-chart-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/chart\/how-much-have-certain-federal-departments-and-agencies-shrunk\/\" data-chart-title=\"How much have certain federal departments and agencies shrunk?\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-allow-overlay=\"true\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-inner wp-block-prc-chart-builder-chart\" id=\"chart-block-4\" data-wp-key=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79-chart\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/chart\" data-wp-router-region=\"chart-c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79-chart\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79-chart&quot;}\" data-wp-watch--init-render=\"\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.watchForResize\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__text-wrapper\" style=\"max-width:420px;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 0 0 10px; max-width:420px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\">How much have certain federal departments and agencies shrunk?<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\">Headcount at Cabinet departments and larger independent agencies, as of \u2026<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"289886\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=289886\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f1f0ed\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"1342\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-289886 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f1f0ed; width:420px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=188,300 188w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=768,1227 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=641,1024 641w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=254,405 254w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=200,320 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=260,415 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=310,495 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=420,671 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=640,1022 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=740,1182 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=160,256 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/02\/federal-workforce_change_by_agency.png?resize=320,511 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">* Within the Defense Department but counted separately by OPM.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\">PEW RESEARCH CENTER<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; max-width:420px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t<!-- register a callback on this div to see if the native share is supported -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__overlay\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"share-modal__overlay-c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t><\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- TODO: I would like to be able to use the social share block here. Need to modify it to work with the share modal. -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal\" id=\"share-modal-c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"share-modal__title\">Share this chart<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"share-modal__close\" aria-label=\"Close Share Modal\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dashicons dashicons-no-alt\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on X<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\" id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79-table\" style=\"max-width:420px;\">\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 420px;\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\">How much have certain federal departments and agencies shrunk?<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\">Headcount at Cabinet departments and larger independent agencies, as of \u2026<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table__inner\" style=\"max-width: 420px !important; margin-bottom: 0; overflow: auto;\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<figure class=\"wp-block-prc-block-table is-scroll-on-pc is-scroll-on-mobile chart-builder-data-table has-sans-serif-font-family has-small-font-size\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout is-sticky-first-column\" style=\"min-width:640px\"><thead><tr><th style=\"vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1;width:40%;text-align:left\">Department\/Agency<\/th><th style=\"vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1;width:10%\">Group<\/th><th style=\"vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1;text-align:right\">Dec 2024<\/th><th style=\"vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1;text-align:right\">Dec 2025<\/th><th style=\"vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1.1;text-align:right\">% change<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Veterans Affairs<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">480075<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">451121<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-6.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Homeland Security<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">231337<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">227584<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-1.6%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Army*<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">222831<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">198448<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-10.9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Navy*<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">221918<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">205643<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-7.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Air Force*<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">173456<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">156678<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-9.7%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Defense<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">159983<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">146609<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-8.4%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Justice<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">117379<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">107415<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-8.5%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Treasury<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">117063<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">89881<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-23.2%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Health and Human Services<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">93035<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">75134<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-19.2%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Agriculture<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">91047<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">72049<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-20.9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Interior<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">64082<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">56872<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-11.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Transportation<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">57462<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">53512<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-6.9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Commerce<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">48804<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">42084<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-13.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Energy<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">17607<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">14955<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-15.1%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Labor<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">14504<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">12421<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-14.4%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">State<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">14485<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">11713<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-19.1%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Housing and Urban Development<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">8842<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">6299<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-28.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Education<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Dept<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">4273<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">2453<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-42.6%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Social Security Administration<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">57952<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">50718<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-12.5%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">National Aeronautics and Space Administration<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">17999<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">16869<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-6.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Environmental Protection Agency<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">16990<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">14661<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-13.7%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">General Services Administration<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">13391<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">10346<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-22.7%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Small Business Administration<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">8611<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">5779<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-32.9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">6559<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">5626<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-14.2%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Smithsonian Institution<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">4489<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">4228<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-5.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Securities and Exchange Commission<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">4866<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">3992<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-18.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width:40%;text-align:left\">Consumer Financial Protection Bureau<\/td><td style=\"width:10%\">Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">1752<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">1248<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-28.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left\">Peace Corps<\/td><td>Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">985<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">709<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-28.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left\">U.S. Agency for International Development<\/td><td>Agencies<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">4895<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">370<\/td><td style=\"text-align:right\">-92.4%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__download-data-button-hr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__download-data-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"has-sans-serif-font-family\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\tDownload data as .csv\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">* Within the Defense Department but counted separately by OPM.<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note\">Source: Pew Research Center analysis of Office of Personnel Management data.<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\">PEW RESEARCH CENTER<\/div>\n\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; max-width: 420px;\">\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons\" style=\"max-width:420px;\"><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__tabs\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-chart-id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Chart<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-chart-id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Data<\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__actions\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--download-image\" data-chart-id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadImage\">Download Image<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--share\" data-chart-view=\"share\" data-chart-id=\"c0303901-044c-4363-8a14-71359a908e79\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Share<\/button><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Education Department\u2019s staff shrank 42.6% between December 2024 and December 2025, from nearly 4,300 employees to fewer than 2,500. And USAID was all but eliminated, going from just under 4,900 employees to 370 (-92.4%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Related:<\/em><\/strong><em> <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/03\/18\/what-the-data-says-about-the-us-department-of-education\/\"><em>What the data says about the U.S. Department of Education<\/em><\/a><em> | <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/\"><em>What the data says about U.S. foreign aid<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other deep cuts came at the parent agency of the National Endowments for the Arts and the Humanities (-56.6%), AmeriCorps (-43.6%), the Small Business Administration (-32.9%), the agency that oversees Voice of America and other international broadcasters (-32.7%), and the National Science Foundation (-30.3%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several of the Office of Personal Management\u2019s data categories are heavily redacted, limiting our analysis. For instance, nearly half of the December 2025 records don\u2019t list workers\u2019 job locations or pay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And while the dataset covers most of the executive branch, some agencies are omitted entirely. Those include various intelligence agencies and most of the Executive Office of the President (with the notable exception of the Office of Management and Budget). The dataset doesn\u2019t include Congress or any legislative agencies, the federal judiciary, or such quasi-independent entities as the U.S. Postal Service and the Federal Reserve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The dataset <em>does<\/em> include the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), an independent agency that organizationally is part of the Federal Reserve. The CFPB\u2019s headcount fell 28.8% last year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though overall headcount at the Department of Homeland Security fell slightly, that wasn\u2019t the case at its immigration-enforcement components. Immigration and Customs Enforcement added about 7,500 workers, ending 2025 at 28,272 \u2013 a 36.1% increase \u2013 and Customs and Border Protection rose from 66,613 employees to 67,587 (up 1.5%). But most other Homeland Security components lost jobs, including the Transportation Security Administration (-4.3%), Citizenship and Immigration Services (-11.4%), and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (-14.0%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"which-occupations-saw-the-biggest-decreases\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which occupations saw the biggest decreases?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The job cuts affected more white-collar workers, who made up 92.1% of the federal workforce at the end of 2024, than blue-collar workers. Headcount in white-collar occupations fell 10.6% last year, versus 6.7% among blue-collar occupations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among the larger occupational groups, some of the largest reductions were in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Information and arts: -20.6%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accounting and budget: -17.3%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>General administrative, clerical and office: -17.0%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Business and industry: -16.4%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Human resources management: -15.3%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the few white-collar occupational groups to remain stable was the \u201cinvestigation\u201d group, due largely to increases in border patrol enforcement (up 797 employees), customs and border protection (+570), and related fields, such as \u201cgeneral inspection, investigation, enforcement, and compliance\u201d (+2,035). Those more than offset decreases in fields such as compliance inspection and support (down 2,177 employees), food inspection (-349), aviation safety (-141) and equal opportunity investigation (-122).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other notable losses in specific occupations included:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Medical workers, including nurses (-4,038), medical officers (-2,318) and practical nurses (-1,046)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tax professionals,<strong> <\/strong>including internal revenue agents (-3,141), internal revenue officers (-1,030) and tax examiners (-4,309)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Information technology managers (-13,986)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>General attorneys (-6,608)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contact representatives, who explain policies and provide benefit administration to the general public (-6,629)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The federal workforce shrank by 10.3% in 2025, losing nearly 238,000 workers. Among major agencies, the Education Department and USAID had the steepest cuts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":658,"featured_media":293644,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2026-03-13T14:00:24Z","apple_news_api_id":"3baeda6b-6ebe-416a-9e70-486e663b145a","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2026-03-13T14:00:24Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AO67aa26-QWqecEhuZjsUWg","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[]},"categories":[232,32,80],"bylines":[842],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-293637","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economic-conditions","category-economy-work","category-federal-government","bylines-drew-desilver","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states"],"label":"Short Read","post_parent":0,"word_count":1443,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2026\/03\/13\/federal-workforce-shrank-10-in-trumps-first-year-back-in-office\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":293644,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/03\/SR_26.03.13_fed-workforce_featured.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false,"caption":"Jessica Henry, a U.S. federal worker at the National Institutes of Health who was placed on administration leave last year, and other job seekers wait in line to enter a job fair event in Silver Spring, Maryland, on April 16, 2025. 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