{"id":198851,"date":"2025-02-06T16:03:03","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T21:03:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?post_type=short-read&#038;p=198851"},"modified":"2025-02-06T16:03:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T21:03:05","slug":"what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/","title":{"rendered":"What the data says about U.S. foreign aid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><img data-dominant-color=\"625150\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #625150;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" height=\"360\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Volunteers at the Zanzalima Camp for Internally Displaced People unload an aid delivery from USAID in 2021 in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. The Trump administration placed USAID staff around the world on administrative leave starting Feb. 7, 2025. (J. Countess\/Getty Images)\" class=\"wp-image-198859 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=564,317 564w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=1128,634 1128w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=690,388 690w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=268,151 268w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=536,302 536w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=194,110 194w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=148,84 148w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=296,168 296w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=720,405 720w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=200,113 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=260,146 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=310,174 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=420,236 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=640,360 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=740,416 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=160,90 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=320,180 320w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?resize=540,304 540w\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Volunteers at the Zanzalima Camp for Internally Displaced People unload an aid delivery from USAID in 2021 in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. The Trump administration placed USAID staff around the world on administrative leave starting Feb. 7, 2025. (J. Countess\/Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Trump administration\u2019s recent moves to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/2025\/01\/24\/state-department-trump-foreign-aid\/0ac4fb6e-da87-11ef-85a9-331436ec61e9_story.html\">freeze foreign aid<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2025\/02\/04\/politics\/usaid-officials-administrative-leave\/index.html\">shutter the primary agency<\/a> that distributes it have thrown a spotlight on a relatively small, yet enduringly controversial, piece of federal spending. The actions have created uncertainty among aid groups and governments around the world about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/01\/31\/world\/asia\/trump-usaid-freeze.html?searchResultPosition=1\">what programs can and cannot proceed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With that in mind, Pew Research Center dug into federal data and our own previous survey work for relevant facts and figures about the U.S. government\u2019s aid efforts, as well as public attitudes toward them. Find answers to some common questions about U.S. foreign aid, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#how-much-does-the-federal-government-spend-on-foreign-aid\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">How much does the federal government spend on foreign aid?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#how-big-is-foreign-aid-as-a-share-of-the-entire-federal-budget\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">How big is foreign aid as a share of the entire federal budget?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#what-is-us-foreign-aid-money-used-for\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">What is U.S. foreign aid money used for?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#who-receives-us-foreign-aid\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Who receives U.S. foreign aid?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#who-distributes-us-foreign-aid\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Who distributes U.S. foreign aid?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#what-about-military-assistance\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">What about military assistance?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/#how-do-americans-feel-about-foreign-aid\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">How do Americans feel about foreign aid?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-style-plus-icon has-border-color has-ui-gray-light-border-color has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-background has-sans-serif-font-family is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-61b01db2 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.009), 0.88em);\"><summary>How we did this<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the future of foreign assistance an active political issue in the United States, Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to learn more about how much the U.S. government spends on foreign aid; who receives the money; how it is used; and how Americans feel about it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our main source was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignassistance.gov\/\">ForeignAssistance.gov<\/a>, a website maintained by the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to make data on U.S. foreign aid publicly accessible. (Because of the Trump administration\u2019s recent moves to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2025\/02\/04\/usaid-trump-foreign-aid\/\">shut down USAID<\/a>, the website may no longer be fully functional; we accessed the data used in this post on Jan. 28, 2025.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To put foreign aid in the broader context of federal spending, we also used historical expenditure data from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). More precisely, since OMB\u2019s website was inaccessible at the time of this analysis, we used an archived version of the office\u2019s \u201cHistorical Tables\u201d publication, accessed via the Internet Archive\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other information came from the Congressional Budget Office, Congressional Research Service and the State Department\u2019s Bureau of Political-Military Affairs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To get a sense of public opinion regarding foreign aid, we relied on several previous Pew Research Center surveys. Information on how those surveys were conducted, the questions used and the underlying data can be found by following the links in the main text.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-much-does-the-federal-government-spend-on-foreign-aid\">How much does the federal government spend on foreign aid?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The government is currently on track to spend about $58.4 billion on international assistance programs in the 2025 fiscal year, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/data\/budget-economic-data#9\">January 2025 projections from the Congressional Budget Office<\/a>. But since we\u2019re only four months into the fiscal year, and the Trump administration is moving aggressively to reshape and reduce aid, that figure may change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=198852\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e1e3e0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"637\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?w=640\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that U.S. foreign assistance jumped in 2022, mainly due to Ukraine aid.\" class=\"wp-image-198852 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e1e3e0; width:420px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=768,764 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=407,405 407w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=200,199 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=260,260 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=310,309 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=420,418 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=640,637 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=740,736 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=75,75 75w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=140,140 140w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=160,159 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_1.png?resize=320,318 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fiscal 2023, the most recent fiscal year for which data is largely complete, the U.S. government disbursed $71.9 billion in foreign aid, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignassistance.gov\/\">ForeignAssistance.gov<\/a>. That compares with nearly $74.0 billion spent in fiscal 2022. These figures (and others from ForeignAssistance.gov) do not include most arms sales or transfers of military equipment to foreign countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The amount, recipients and uses of foreign aid shift from year to year, depending on changing circumstances (such as wars, disasters or disease outbreaks) and evolving policy priorities. For example, U.S. foreign aid spending was much lower, comparatively, in fiscal 2001: $24.6 billion in inflation-adjusted 2023 dollars. But by federal budgetary standards, annual aid spending in recent years hasn\u2019t varied all that much. Between fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2023, annual aid spending ranged from $52.9 billion to $77.3 billion, adjusted for inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The U.S. government is the <a href=\"https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2025\/01\/1159486\">single-largest aid donor in the world<\/a>, according to the United Nations, accounting for more than 40% of all humanitarian aid the UN tracked in 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-big-is-foreign-aid-as-a-share-of-the-entire-federal-budget\">How big is foreign aid as a share of the entire federal budget?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The $71.9 billion in foreign aid that the government spent in fiscal 2023 works out to 1.2% of that year\u2019s total federal outlays, which were more than $6.1 <em>trillion<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=198853\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f2f2f3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?w=620\" alt=\"A line chart showing that foreign aid spending is a small but contentious part of U.S. federal budget.\" class=\"wp-image-198853 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f2f2f3; width:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=215,300 215w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=291,405 291w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=200,279 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=260,362 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=310,432 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=420,585 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=160,223 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_2.png?resize=320,446 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since fiscal 2001, foreign aid has ranged between 0.7% and 1.4% of total federal outlays. For context, the federal deficit \u2013 the gap between receipts and expenditures that has to be bridged by borrowing \u2013 was nearly $1.7 trillion in fiscal 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Foreign aid was a bigger share of federal spending at the height of the Cold War. In fact, the modern aid system was very much a <a href=\"https:\/\/ndupress.ndu.edu\/Media\/News\/News-Article-View\/article\/2217683\/foreign-aid-in-an-era-of-great-power-competition\/\">product of the U.S.-Soviet rivalry<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fiscal 1963, international assistance amounted to about 4.7% of total federal outlays, according to archived data from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). But the share steadily fell as the Cold War ground on, bottoming at 0.6% of total outlays in fiscal 1989. (The OMB figures are slightly different from the ones on ForeignAssistance.gov due to differing methodologies, though the overall trend remains the same.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-us-foreign-aid-money-used-for\">What is U.S. foreign aid money used for?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U.S. foreign assistance supports a wide variety of humanitarian, economic development and democracy-promotion efforts, although the categories can be somewhat opaque and the lines between them blurry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For instance, the biggest activity area in fiscal 2023, at $15.9 billion or 22.1% of all disbursed aid, was \u201cmacroeconomic foundation for growth.\u201d That may sound like it all went for economic development, but $14.4 billion of that total was direct monetary support to the Ukrainian government in its war with Russia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=198854\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d5cfb9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"792\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?w=640\" alt=\"A chart showing what U.S. foreign aid money is used for.\" class=\"wp-image-198854 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d5cfb9; width:420px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=242,300 242w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=768,951 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=827,1024 827w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=327,405 327w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=200,248 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=260,322 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=310,384 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=420,520 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=640,792 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=740,916 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=160,198 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_4.png?resize=320,396 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U.S. foreign aid also went toward:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Disaster relief and other humanitarian aid ($15.6 billion, or 21.7% of total aid disbursements in fiscal 2023)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Efforts to solve the ongoing battle against HIV\/AIDS ($10.6 billion, or 14.7%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combatting \u201cpandemic influenza\u201d and other emerging public health threats ($1.5 billion, or 2.0%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promoting democracy, good governance and the rule of law ($2.3 billion, or 3.2%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cMulti-sector\u201d programs that crossed several subject areas ($2.9 billion, or 4.0%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"who-receives-us-foreign-aid\">Who receives U.S. foreign aid?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=198856\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f1f1f0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"1300\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?w=620\" alt=\"A bar chart showing the places that receive the most foreign aid. \" class=\"wp-image-198856 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f1f1f0; width:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=143,300 143w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=488,1024 488w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=193,405 193w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=200,419 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=260,545 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=310,650 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=420,881 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=153,320 153w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_3.png?resize=305,640 305w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fiscal 2023, U.S. aid dollars supported programs and activities in 177 individual countries and 29 regions. They also helped fund global endeavors. The individual projects were carried out by a wide range of foreign government agencies, nonprofit groups, international organizations and for-profit companies and universities, numbering in the thousands globally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukraine was the single-biggest recipient of U.S. aid in fiscal 2023, receiving $16.6 billion to help it fend off Russia\u2019s invasion and keep its government and society running. Israel, regularly one of the top aid recipients, got $3.3 billion in military aid in fiscal 2023, on par with recent years. Other major recipients included Ethiopia, Jordan, Egypt and Afghanistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"who-distributes-us-foreign-aid\">Who distributes U.S. foreign aid?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since it was created in 1961, the United States\u2019 primary aid agency has been the <a href=\"https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/IF\/IF10261\">U.S. Agency for International Development<\/a> (USAID). As of March 2024, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fedscope.opm.gov\/\">FedScope database<\/a>, USAID employed 4,675 people, many of them overseas. In fiscal 2023, USAID distributed nearly $43.8 billion in aid, about three of every five foreign-assistance dollars. Starting in late January, however, the Trump administration began <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/us\/state-dept-orders-shutdown-usaid-overseas-missions-recalls-staff-sources-say-2025-02-05\/\">trying to dismantle USAID<\/a> by laying off most of its employees, pausing&nbsp;many of its funding activities and&nbsp;moving&nbsp;those that remain inside the State Department.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The State Department disbursed $21.3 billion in aid in fiscal 2023, almost 30% of the total. Smaller amounts were disbursed by the Treasury and Health and Human Services departments, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and 16 other agencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-about-military-assistance\">What about military assistance?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Only $8.2 billion of the $71.9 billion in disbursements in fiscal 2023 (11.4%) was designated as military aid, according to ForeignAssistance.gov. But the United States\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/R\/R46337\">overall military-assistance efforts<\/a> are much bigger than that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Through the Foreign Military Sales program, approved foreign nations can buy American weapons, ammunition, equipment and services, with the U.S. government acting as a broker or intermediary (and sometimes with government financing). In fiscal 2024, such sales totaled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/fiscal-year-2024-u-s-arms-transfers-and-defense-trade\/\">$117.9 billion<\/a>, up from $80.9 billion in fiscal 2023, according to the State Department.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Allies and partner nations can also buy arms from their manufacturers on their own, without U.S. government involvement. However, such \u201cdirect commercial sales\u201d are regulated by law as to who can buy arms, from whom they can be bought, and what weapons are allowed to be exported. Direct commercial sales totaled $200.8 billion in fiscal 2024, up from $157.5 billion in fiscal 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-do-americans-feel-about-foreign-aid\">How do Americans feel about foreign aid?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For many years, Americans have had, at best, mixed views about the effectiveness and desirability of foreign assistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=198855\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eae6dc\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?w=620\" alt=\"A stacked bar chart showing that Americans' views on foreign aid have been divided for years.\" class=\"wp-image-198855 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eae6dc; width:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=207,300 207w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=279,405 279w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=200,290 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=260,377 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=310,450 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=420,610 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=160,232 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_5.png?resize=320,465 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center surveys on federal spending have long found split opinions on \u201ceconomic assistance to needy people around the world.\u201d The most recent such work, a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/04\/11\/little-public-support-for-reductions-in-federal-spending\/\">2019 telephone survey<\/a>, found that 35% of U.S. adults wanted to increase spending on such aid, 33% wanted to keep it the same, and 28% wanted to decrease it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More recently, in a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/07\/27\/americans-see-us-aid-to-developing-countries-as-more-beneficial-than-chinese-assistance\/\">March 2023 survey conducted online<\/a>, only a third of Americans said U.S. foreign aid mostly benefits developing countries, while slightly more (37%) said such aid both benefits and harms these countries, and 8% said it mostly harms developing countries. A fairly large share (17%) said they weren\u2019t sure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When it comes to Americans\u2019 foreign policy goals more broadly, the public places far more emphasis on certain priorities, especially ones related to domestic security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For instance, 73% of U.S. adults said in a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/04\/23\/what-are-americans-top-foreign-policy-priorities\/\">2024 online survey<\/a> that taking measures to protect the country from terrorist attacks should be a top priority of U.S. long-range foreign policy. Almost two-thirds (64%) said reducing the flow of illegal drugs into the country should be a top priority \u2013 about as many as cited preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruction. And 52% said reducing the spread of infectious diseases should be a top priority. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conversely, only 26% of Americans said that promoting and defending human rights in other countries should be a top priority, and even fewer (18%) said that about promoting democracy in other nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U.S. foreign aid money goes toward many of those same priorities. For instance, in fiscal 2023, $417.8 million went to counterterrorism efforts, $331.7 million toward combating the spread of weapons of mass destruction, and $126.5 million for fighting the narcotics trade. Most of the $16 billion in aid money directed to health-related projects is aimed at diseases such as HIV\/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and influenza.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The $71.9 billion in foreign aid that the government spent in fiscal year 2023 works out to 1.2% of that year\u2019s total federal spending. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":658,"featured_media":198859,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2025-02-06T21:03:11Z","apple_news_api_id":"e7865ffa-a85b-49f1-a4cd-338c83838595","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2025-02-06T21:03:11Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/A54Zf-qhbSfGkzTOMg4OFlQ","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,25],"bylines":[842],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[],"class_list":["post-198851","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-international-issues","category-politics-policy","bylines-drew-desilver","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states"],"label":"Short Read","post_parent":0,"word_count":1678,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/02\/06\/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid\/","art_direction":{"A2":{"id":198859,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"Volunteers at the Zanzalima Camp for Internally Displaced People unload an aid delivery from USAID in 2021 in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. 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Countess\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A1":{"id":198859,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/SR_25.02.06_Foreign-Aid_feature.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"Volunteers at the Zanzalima Camp for Internally Displaced People unload an aid delivery from USAID in 2021 in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. The Trump administration placed USAID staff around the world on administrative leave starting Feb. 7, 2025. (J. 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","og_title":"What the data says about US foreign aid","og_description":"The $71.9 billion in foreign aid that the government spent in fiscal year 2023 works out to 1.2% of that year\u2019s total federal spending. 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