{"id":13439,"date":"2015-06-29T14:39:57","date_gmt":"2015-06-29T19:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/%year%\/%monthnum%\/%day%\/in-greater-dallas-area-segregation-by-income-and-race\/"},"modified":"2024-04-14T03:19:42","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T08:19:42","slug":"in-greater-dallas-area-segregation-by-income-and-race","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2015\/06\/29\/in-greater-dallas-area-segregation-by-income-and-race\/","title":{"rendered":"In greater Dallas area, segregation by income and race"},"content":{"rendered":"

Last week, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld<\/a> a broader definition of what qualifies as racial discrimination under the Fair Housing Act of 1968<\/a> to include not only overt discrimination, but also policies that may seem fair on the surface, yet\u00a0nevertheless adversely affect minorities.<\/p>\n\n

The court ruled 5-4<\/a> in favor of a nonprofit group, which had argued that a Texas agency\u2019s tax incentives for providing low-income housing were discriminatory because they caused minorities to be segregated to high-poverty areas \u2013 areas with worse schools, higher mortality rates and fewer opportunities overall.<\/p>\n\n

Income segregation has increased over the past three decades in 27 of the largest 30 metropolitan areas across the U.S., according to a 2012 Pew Research Center report<\/a>. In Dallas and many of the other metro areas we mapped<\/a>, there were clear divisions between low-income neighborhoods and middle- and upper-income areas, as well as divisions along racial lines.<\/p>\n\n

\"In<\/a><\/figure>\n\n

Our analysis found that, in the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington and Houston metros, 37% of low-income households (those that take in less than 67% of the metro area\u2019s median annual household income, for example less than $38,000 in Dallas) are located in census tracts in which at least half of households are low-income. Residential concentration among upper-income households (defined as making at least\u00a0200% of the metro area\u2019s median household income, for example at least $113,000 in Dallas) is also high in Texas. Houston and Dallas topped the charts among the 10 largest metropolitan areas, with 24% and 23%, respectively, of upper-income households lying in census tracts that were at least half upper-income.<\/p>\n\n

Overall, these cities (along with the San Antonio metro area) had the highest Residential Income Segregation Index (RISI) scores<\/a> among the country\u2019s largest metropolitan areas in 2010; Dallas scored 60 points on our 200-point scale, where 200 signifies complete segregation by income. Meanwhile, the median RISI score for America\u2019s top 10 metropolitan areas was 50, and Boston scored only a 36.<\/p>\n\n

However, our 2012 report also found that residential segregation by income is still less prevalent than segregation by race, despite the fact that black-white segregation has been falling for decades nationally.<\/p>\n\n

We mapped the Dallas metropolitan area by race of the head of household and by household income using data from the Census Bureau\u2019s American Community Survey five-year estimates, centered on 2008 \u2013 the year the Supreme Court case on housing discrimination was filed.\u00a0Census tracts with more than 50% of households headed by non-Hispanics whites were considered majority white, while all others were considered majority non-white.<\/p>\n\n

Looking at the income and race maps shows a great deal of overlap between areas that are predominantly low-income and areas that are predominantly non-white in Dallas. There are 1,311 populated census tracts in the Dallas metropolitan area, and 19% of those are predominantly minority and<\/em> majority low-income. Most of these are located in the southern part of the city of Dallas, separated from wealthier areas by Interstate 30, or in downtown Fort Worth.<\/p>\n\n

\"In<\/a><\/figure>\n\n

Of the 306 majority lower-income census tracts in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, 83% are predominantly non-white. Meanwhile, 95% of the 108 majority upper-income tracts are predominantly non-Hispanic white. Majority middle- and mixed-income tracts that are predominantly non-Hispanic white account for 52% of the Dallas metropolitan tracts, located mostly in suburban areas.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Income segregation has increased over the past 30 years in 27 of the 30 largest U.S. metro areas. There were clear divisions between low-income and middle- and upper-income areas, as well as along racial lines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":352,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_crdt_document":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"relatedPosts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"bylines":[{"key":"d9358e0930341d3056f0ed42cc99ce9f","termId":808},{"key":"9aa384885ac55ee790b79923e3b7fbfe","termId":813}],"acknowledgements":[],"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[]},"categories":[239,238,28,142,78],"bylines":[813,808],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[519],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-13439","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","hentry","category-economic-inequality","category-income-wages","category-race-ethnicity","category-segregation","category-supreme-court","bylines-lauren-kent","bylines-timmy-huynh","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-social-trends"],"label":"Short Read","post_parent":0,"word_count":520,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2015\/06\/29\/in-greater-dallas-area-segregation-by-income-and-race\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=640&h=405&crop=1","width":640,"height":405,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":24632,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/06\/FT_15.06.25_Fair-Housing.png?w=640&h=628&crop=1","width":640,"height":628,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[],"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"In greater Dallas area, segregation by income and race","description":"Income segregation has increased over the past 30 years in 27 of the 30 largest U.S. metro areas. 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