{"id":344617,"date":"2026-07-23T14:27:03","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T18:27:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?post_type=prc_email_campaign&#038;p=344617"},"modified":"2026-07-23T15:33:58","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T19:33:58","slug":"how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life","status":"publish","type":"prc_email_campaign","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/newsletter\/campaign\/how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life\/","title":{"rendered":"How we measured Americans\u2019 engagement in public life"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-07-23T14:27:03-04:00\">July 23, 2026<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-briefing\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(17.905px, 1.119rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 1.147), 28px);font-weight:700\">The Briefing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#2a2a2a;color:#2a2a2a\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2600\ufe0f Happy Thursday!<\/strong> <em>The Briefing is your guide to the world of news and information. <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/sign-up-for-the-briefing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sign up here!<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In today<strong>\u2019<\/strong>s email:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Featured story:<\/strong> Judge temporarily pauses Paramount-Warner Bros. merger<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>New from Pew Research Center:<\/strong> How we measured Americans\u2019 engagement in public life<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In other news:<\/strong> EU fines\u00a0Google\u00a0$1 billion\u00a0for anticompetitive practices<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Looking ahead:<\/strong> Another \u2018pivot to video\u2019 for news organizations?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chart of the week:<\/strong> Younger and older Americans engage in public life in different ways\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"featured-story\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.455), 18px);\">\ud83d\udd25 <strong>Featured story<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A federal judge this week placed a <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/warner-bros-paramount-injunction-361fa669019e0053cf6d4513e6e275e3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">temporary restraining order<\/a> on <strong>Paramount\u2019s purchase of Warner Bros. Discovery<\/strong> after 12 states filed a\u00a0<strong>lawsuit alleging that the deal violates antitrust law.<\/strong>\u00a0If the merger goes through, Paramount would control dozens of cable channels as well as theatrical distribution of movies from two studios. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The deal could also bring\u00a0<strong>two of the largest news brands\u00a0<\/strong>in the U.S. under the same ownership. One-third of U.S. adults say they regularly get news from CNN (currently owned by Warner Bros.), while three-in-ten regularly get news from CBS News (owned by Paramount), according to a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/feature\/news-media-tracker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025\u00a0Pew Research Center\u00a0survey<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"new-from-pew-research-center\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.455), 18px);\">\ud83d\udea8 <strong>New from Pew Research Center<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Last week,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2026\/07\/16\/how-americans-are-engaged-with-news-politics-religion-and-civic-life\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">we released a report<\/a>\u00a0from the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/collections\/pew-knight-initiative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pew-Knight Initiative<\/a>\u00a0exploring how Americans engage with news, politics, religion\u00a0and civic life, including an analysis of four distinct \u201cengagement groups\u201d that make up the U.S. public. A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/decoded\/2026\/07\/16\/how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Decoded blog post<\/a>\u00a0explains how we created and analyzed these groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"in-other-news\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.455), 18px);\">\ud83d\udccc <strong>In other news<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>EU fines\u00a0Google\u00a0$1 billion\u00a0<\/strong>for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/google-hit-with-1-billion-eu-fine-first-under-landmark-rules-2026-07-23\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">anticompetitive practices<\/span>\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Federal judge<\/strong>\u00a0says\u00a0<strong>Trump<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2026\/07\/21\/trum-bbc-lawsuit-finances\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">must disclose financial information<\/span><\/a>\u00a0amid his lawsuit against\u00a0<strong>BBC<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After networks\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2026\/07\/16\/media\/trump-election-address-cbs-abc-nbc-fox-networks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">chose not to air<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<strong>Trump\u2019s speech<\/strong>\u00a0last week, Trump\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2026\/07\/16\/trump-calls-for-revocation-of-abc-nbc-licenses-over-speech-snub-01002580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">calls for broadcast licenses to be revoked<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trump administration<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2026\/jul\/17\/trump-administration-foreign-journalist-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">shortens length<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<strong>foreign journalist visas<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Justice Department<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/new-york-times-justice-department-trump-88f5ceca88dcdd19779e6f61abedf337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">sought phone records<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<strong>New York Times<\/strong>\u00a0journalists\u00a0in subpoenas\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>OpenAI\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2026\/07\/21\/openai-local-news-american-journalism-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">announces new investment<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in\u00a0<strong>American Journalism Project,<\/strong>\u00a0which supports local news\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>France<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2026\/07\/21\/world\/europe\/france-social-media-ban.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">joins growing list<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of countries\u00a0<strong>restricting social media for children<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Baltimore Sun<\/strong>\u00a0owner\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.semafor.com\/article\/07\/15\/2026\/baltimore-sun-owner-threatens-to-sue-moore-over-epstein-comments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">threatens to sue<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Maryland governor\u00a0for defamation\u00a0over Jeffrey Epstein comments\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"looking-ahead\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.455), 18px);\">\ud83d\udcc5 <strong>Looking ahead<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Media observers have recently\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/digiday.com\/media\/inside-the-newsroom-push-to-turn-print-reporters-into-video-talent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">noted a trend<\/a>\u00a0of <strong>news organizations<\/strong> \u2013 including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/new-york-times-nyt-editor-joe-kahn-explains-video-push-2026-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The New York Times<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pressgazette.co.uk\/north-america\/wall-street-journal-video-strategy-2026\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 shifting more resources toward creating video content. For some, this has\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hollywoodreporter.com\/business\/digital\/media-pivot-to-video-is-good-publishers-youtube-tv-1236642189\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">brought to mind<\/a>\u00a0the\u00a0largely unsuccessful\u00a0\u201cpivot to video\u201d of a decade ago, although the dynamics and platforms involved have shifted markedly since then.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indeed, a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/fact-sheet\/social-media-and-news-fact-sheet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing share of Americans<\/a>\u00a0get news on video-focused social media sites like <strong>YouTube,\u00a0TikTok\u00a0and Instagram.<\/strong> For instance, 35% of U.S. adults said in 2025 that they regularly get news on YouTube, up from 23% in 2020.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The most common way Americans prefer to get their news continues to be by watching it: <\/strong>44% of Americans say this is the case, compared with 37% who prefer reading the news and 19% who like listening to it, according to an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2025\/11\/20\/more-americans-prefer-to-watch-the-news-than-read-or-listen-to-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">August 2025 survey<\/a>.\u00a0These numbers have been fairly steady since 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"chart-of-the-week\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#2a2a2a;font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.455), 18px);\">\ud83d\udcca <strong>Chart of the week<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This week\u2019s chart comes from our\u00a0new report from the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/collections\/pew-knight-initiative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pew-Knight Initiative<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2026\/07\/16\/younger-and-older-americans-engage-in-public-life-in-different-ways\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how Americans engage in public life<\/a>, and how that differs by age.\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>Our analysis split the U.S. public into four \u201cengagement groups\u201d \u2013 Mobilizers, Connectors, Spectators and Outsiders \u2013 based on their patterns of participation in activities like voting, donating to charity, attending religious services, joining\u00a0groups\u00a0and following the news. We found that\u00a0<strong>older Americans are more likely than younger adults to be Connectors,<\/strong>\u00a0who tend to participate in civic and community life, while\u00a0<strong>younger Americans are more likely to be Spectators<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 those who follow the news and interact with it online but are less engaged in other ways.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"aligncenter wp-block-prc-chart-builder-synced-chart\"><figure class=\"wp-chart-builder\">\t\t<div style=\"max-width:420px\" class=\"wp-chart-builder-wrapper alignnone wp-block-prc-chart-builder-controller\" id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/controller\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166&quot;,&quot;postId&quot;:344617,&quot;postUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/newsletter\\\/campaign\\\/how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life\\\/&quot;,&quot;chartPostUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/chart\\\/u-s-adults-under-30-are-more-likely-to-be-spectators-while-older-people-are-more-often-connectors\\\/&quot;,&quot;postPubDate&quot;:&quot;2026-07-23&quot;,&quot;rootUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org&quot;,&quot;featuredImageId&quot;:340511,&quot;featuredImageUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/alpha.pewresearch.org\\\/pewresearch-org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/20\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/us_adults_under_30_are_more_likely_to_be_emspectatorsem_while_older_people_are_more_often_emconnectorsem-307703-1784293815.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;U.S. adults under 30 are more likely to be &lt;em&gt;Spectators&lt;\\\/em&gt;, while older people are more often &lt;em&gt;Connectors&lt;\\\/em&gt;&quot;,&quot;subtitle&quot;:&quot;% of U.S. adults who are categorized into each engagement group&quot;,&quot;note&quot;:&quot;Note: Engagement groups are based on a cluster analysis that sorted Americans into four groups based on their responses to 19 questions about political activity, civic involvement, religious attendance and attention to news. Respondents who were not categorized into an engagement group are not shown. &quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;Source: Pew Research Center survey of U.S. adults conducted July 9-Dec. 5, 2025.\\n\\u201cHow Americans Are Engaged With News, Politics, Religion and Civic Life\\u201d&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;PEW-KNIGHT INITIATIVE&quot;,&quot;tableData&quot;:{&quot;header&quot;:[&quot;&quot;,&quot;Group&quot;,&quot;Mobilizers&quot;,&quot;Connectors&quot;,&quot;Spectators&quot;,&quot;Outsiders&quot;],&quot;rows&quot;:[[&quot;U.S. adults&quot;,&quot;U.S. adults&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;28&quot;,&quot;31&quot;,&quot;31&quot;],[&quot;Ages 18-29&quot;,&quot;Age&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;15&quot;,&quot;46&quot;,&quot;30&quot;],[&quot;30-49&quot;,&quot;Age&quot;,&quot;10&quot;,&quot;24&quot;,&quot;34&quot;,&quot;33&quot;],[&quot;50-64&quot;,&quot;Age&quot;,&quot;10&quot;,&quot;31&quot;,&quot;27&quot;,&quot;32&quot;],[&quot;65+&quot;,&quot;Age&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;43&quot;,&quot;19&quot;,&quot;28&quot;]],&quot;footer&quot;:[]},&quot;isFreeformChart&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init--detect-web-share-support=\"callbacks.detectWebShareSupport\" data-wp-init--sync-table-height=\"callbacks.syncTableHeight\" data-wp-init--watch-chart=\"callbacks.watchChart\" data-wp-init--reset-tab-on-navigation=\"callbacks.resetTabOnNavigation\" data-png-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/07\/us_adults_under_30_are_more_likely_to_be_emspectatorsem_while_older_people_are_more_often_emconnectorsem-307703-1784293815.png\" data-has-csv=\"true\" data-allow-data-download=\"true\" data-post-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/newsletter\/campaign\/how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life\/\" data-chart-url=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/chart\/u-s-adults-under-30-are-more-likely-to-be-spectators-while-older-people-are-more-often-connectors\/\" data-chart-title=\"U.S. adults under 30 are more likely to be &lt;em&gt;Spectators&lt;\/em&gt;, while older people are more often &lt;em&gt;Connectors&lt;\/em&gt;\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-allow-overlay=\"true\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-inner wp-block-prc-chart-builder-chart\" id=\"chart-block-2\" data-wp-key=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart\" data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/chart\" data-prc-chart-id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart&quot;}\" data-wp-watch--init-render=\"callbacks.watchForRender\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.watchForResize\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__text-wrapper\" style=\"max-width:420px;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 0 0 10px; max-width:420px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\" data-meta-field=\"title\">U.S. adults under 30 are more likely to be <em>Spectators<\/em>, while older people are more often <em>Connectors<\/em><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\" data-meta-field=\"subtitle\">% of U.S. adults who are categorized into each engagement group<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/07\/us_adults_under_30_are_more_likely_to_be_emspectatorsem_while_older_people_are_more_often_emconnectorsem-307703-1784293815.png\" alt=\"Chart\" class=\"chart-fallback chart-fallback--png\" style=\"width:420px;height:auto;\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note cb__note--note\" data-meta-field=\"note\">Note: Engagement groups are based on a cluster analysis that sorted Americans into four groups based on their responses to 19 questions about political activity, civic involvement, religious attendance and attention to news. Respondents who were not categorized into an engagement group are not shown. <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note cb__note--source\" data-meta-field=\"source\">Source: Pew Research Center survey of U.S. adults conducted July 9-Dec. 5, 2025.\n\u201cHow Americans Are Engaged With News, Politics, Religion and Civic Life\u201d<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\" data-meta-field=\"tag\">PEW-KNIGHT INITIATIVE<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__hr\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; max-width:420px;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t<!-- register a callback on this div to see if the native share is supported -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__overlay\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"share-modal__overlay-a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.hideModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t><\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- TODO: I would like to be able to use the social share block here. Need to modify it to work with the share modal. -->\n\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal\" id=\"share-modal-a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--web-share-supported=\"state.webShareSupported\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-chart-view=\"share\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"share-modal__title\">Share this chart<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"share-modal__close\" aria-label=\"Close Share Modal\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.hideModal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dashicons dashicons-no-alt\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"share-modal__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareTwitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on X<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"share-modal__button share-modal__button--facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.shareFacebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share on Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\" id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-table\" style=\"max-width:420px;\">\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 420px;\">\n\t\t\t<div data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/chart\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__title\" data-meta-field=\"title\">U.S. adults under 30 are more likely to be <em>Spectators<\/em>, while older people are more often <em>Connectors<\/em><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__subtitle\" data-meta-field=\"subtitle\">% of U.S. adults who are categorized into each engagement group<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-chart-builder-table__inner\" style=\"max-width: 420px !important; margin-bottom: 0; overflow: auto;\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<figure class=\"wp-block-prc-block-table is-scroll-on-pc is-scroll-on-mobile chart-builder-data-table has-sans-serif-font-family has-small-font-size\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout is-sticky-first-column\"><colgroup><col \/><col \/><col \/><col \/><col \/><col \/><\/colgroup><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align:center\">Group<\/th><th style=\"text-align:center\">Mobilizers<\/th><th style=\"text-align:center\">Connectors<\/th><th style=\"text-align:center\">Spectators<\/th><th style=\"text-align:center\">Outsiders<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-prc-v-col=\"0\">U.S. adults<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"1\">U.S. adults<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"2\">9<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"3\">28<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"4\">31<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"5\">31<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-prc-v-col=\"0\">Ages 18-29<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"1\">Age<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"2\">8<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"3\">15<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"4\">46<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"5\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-prc-v-col=\"0\">30-49<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"1\">Age<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"2\">10<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"3\">24<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"4\">34<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"5\">33<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-prc-v-col=\"0\">50-64<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"1\">Age<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"2\">10<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"3\">31<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"4\">27<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"5\">32<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-prc-v-col=\"0\">65+<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"1\">Age<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"2\">9<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"3\">43<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"4\">19<\/td><td style=\"text-align:center\" data-prc-v-col=\"5\">28<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr class=\"cb__download-data-button-hr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__download-data-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.downloadData\"\n\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"has-sans-serif-font-family\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\tDownload data as .csv\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-wp-interactive=\"prc-chart-builder\/chart\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166-chart&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note cb__note--note\" data-meta-field=\"note\">Note: Engagement groups are based on a cluster analysis that sorted Americans into four groups based on their responses to 19 questions about political activity, civic involvement, religious attendance and attention to news. Respondents who were not categorized into an engagement group are not shown. <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__note cb__note--source\" data-meta-field=\"source\">Source: Pew Research Center survey of U.S. adults conducted July 9-Dec. 5, 2025.\n\u201cHow Americans Are Engaged With News, Politics, Religion and Civic Life\u201d<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cb__tag\" data-meta-field=\"tag\">PEW-KNIGHT INITIATIVE<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<hr style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; max-width: 420px;\">\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons\" style=\"max-width:420px;\"><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__tabs\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--chart\" data-chart-view=\"chart\" data-chart-id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Chart<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--table\" data-chart-view=\"table\" data-chart-id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Data<\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-chart-builder-view-buttons__actions\"><button class=\"view-button view-button--download-image\" data-chart-id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.downloadImage\">Download Image<\/button><button class=\"view-button view-button--share\" data-chart-view=\"share\" data-chart-id=\"a14c0e38-5dda-4246-b947-b7238c662166\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.setActiveTab\" data-wp-class--active=\"state.isActive\">Share<\/button><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udc4b That\u2019s all for this week.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Briefing is compiled by Pew Research Center staff, including Naomi Forman-Katz, Christopher St. Aubin, Emily Tomasik, Joanne Haner, and Sawyer Reed. It is edited by Michael Lipka and copy edited by David Kent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Do you like this newsletter? Email us at <a href=\"mailto:journalism@pewresearch.org\">journalism@pewresearch.org<\/a> or fill out this <a href=\"https:\/\/us1.list-manage.com\/survey?u=434f5d1199912232d416897e4&amp;id=449f3c3d35&amp;attribution=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">two-question survey<\/a> to tell us what you think<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Briefing \u2600\ufe0f Happy Thursday! The Briefing is your guide to the world of news and information. Sign up here! In today\u2019s email: \ud83d\udd25 Featured story A federal judge this week placed a temporary restraining order on Paramount\u2019s purchase of Warner Bros. Discovery after 12 states filed a\u00a0lawsuit alleging that the deal violates antitrust law.\u00a0If [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":5591,"template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","prc_watchers":[],"footnotes":"","prc_email_subject":"How we measured Americans' engagement in public life","prc_email_preview_text":"Plus, judge temporarily pauses Paramount-Warner Bros.\u00a0merger, EU fines Google for\u00a0anticompetitive\u00a0practices","prc_email_template_slug":"","prc_email_mailchimp_audience_id":"3e953b9b70","prc_email_mailchimp_segment_id":"37","prc_email_mailchimp_campaign_id":"ab65788bb4","prc_email_mailchimp_campaign_admin_url":"https:\/\/us1.admin.mailchimp.com\/campaigns\/edit?id=10343857","prc_email_mailchimp_campaign_status":"sent"},"categories":[],"prc_newsletter_list":[],"_post_visibility":[2643],"formats":[2378],"class_list":["post-344617","prc_email_campaign","type-prc_email_campaign","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","_post_visibility-hidden-on-index","formats-newsletter"],"label":"Newsletter","post_parent":0,"word_count":882,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/newsletter\/campaign\/how-we-measured-americans-engagement-in-public-life\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false,"caption":""},"A2":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false,"caption":""},"A3":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false,"caption":""},"A4":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false,"caption":""},"XL":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"chartArt":false,"caption":""},"social":{"id":5591,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/07\/briefing_featured_image_2-1.png?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"chartArt":false,"caption":""}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[],"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"How we measured Americans\u2019 engagement in public life","description":"The Briefing \u2600\ufe0f Happy Thursday! 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