Some 15% of these respondents are not at all confident that the Internet of Things will be safe enough to command trust among users. They argue that a number of the problems mentioned elsewhere in this report will be severe enough that some people will retreat from super-connected life. They particularly stress how key systems such as health care and finance sectors as well as utilities and other critical infrastructure arrangements will likely be top targets of attacks by terrorists, national enemies and highly motivated hackers. They are concerned that the people behind the creation of the IoT are not willing to invest the resources needed to do the hard work of minimizing negative effects. Some see the primary motivation of builders of the consumer-facing IoT to be aimed mainly at the mercenary monetization of everything.<\/p>\n\n
Trust was singled out by a number of respondents as the most crucial factor when it comes to connectivity. Among those who see this as a prime reason for disconnection are those who also predict that it may become the reason behind an organized movement.<\/p>\n\n
Whatever can be hacked will be hacked, and some will opt out. Not a majority, maybe only a smallish minority, but still.\nAlf Rehn<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n
[to some extent]<\/p>\n\n\n
An anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> said, \u201cPeople will not want to be connected 24\/7. Lack of trust will be a factor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Several respondents predicted that those who were victims of abuse tied to the IoT will be the vanguard of the disengaged. Eelco Herder<\/strong>, senior researcher at the L3S Research Center in Germany, observed, \u201cMost people will continue to move more deeply into connected life. At least they will until at some point people or governments will be personally involved in attacks, hacks or ransomware, or until the point that these dangers become very real and direct. Many people believe that this is bound to happen.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
[bigger]<\/p>\n\n\n
Alf Rehn<\/strong>, professor and chair of management and organization at \u00c5bo Akademi University in Finland, wrote, \u201cWhatever can be hacked will be hacked, and some will opt out. Not a majority, maybe only a smallish minority, but still.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Author Paul Lehto<\/strong> replied, \u201cWith the Internet of Things, the capability of a jilted lover to make mischief by turning off power when the love interest is preparing for a date with another, to use a somewhat off-the-wall but colorful and illustrative example, will cause significant numbers to disconnect for peace of mind and privacy reasons.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> said, \u201cThere will be a disconnection from the larger Internet of Things, but it might look more like switching from shopping at Costco and shopping at the smaller local ma-and-pa store. Kind of like the farm-to-table movement, where you can verify the folks with whom you are transacting.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Some predicted that those who are disconnected will be part of an organized effort by a zealous minority. An anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> commented, \u201cPerhaps there will be a new movement of people who choose to disconnect from everything. Like living off the grid, but at a much more fundamental level. Going dark.\u201d And an anonymous professor at a state university<\/strong> said, \u201cMost will be connected, but disconnection will become fetishized. It will be talked about the way that meditation is talked about today. I expect to see device-free and disconnection workshops and probably a whole disconnection movement in the near future.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Corporate intransigence, shortsightedness and misguided thinking create vulnerabilities<\/h4>\n\n
A large share of the respondents to this study who do expect large numbers to disconnect said most of the exploitable weaknesses in the Internet of Things at this point and moving forward to 2026 are likely attributable to the companies creating internet-connected products. Among the reasons they cite are the need for speed in a competitive market environment and the costs in time and money of building in and maintaining security.<\/p>\n\n
Security problems, which are already bad, will become more and more visible until we reach some kind of tipping point.\nAnonymous software architect<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n
George McKee<\/strong>, a retired research scientist, said, \u201c\u2018Secure out of the box\u2019 has been a slogan of cybersecurity professionals for many years, but it will not come to pass as long as \u2018first to market\u2019 and \u2018easy to use\u2019 take precedence in product managers\u2019 priority lists. Only the most talented of designers are able to make the secure way also the easy way. The \u2018Internet of Abandoned, Misconfigured and Subverted Things\u2019 will become a powerful tool for malicious actors.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Nigel Cameron<\/strong>, president and CEO of the Center for Policy on Emerging Technologies, observed, \u201cWe\u2019ve gotten used to having our basic information hacked, but cyberphysical systems raise the stakes exponentially. I don\u2019t know if we\u2019ll achieve de facto<\/em> security, but I do know we are very far away from taking the agenda seriously. E.g., as I have argued elsewhere, the chief information security officer should report directly to the chief executive. Corporate reporting is an index of risk seriousness, and at present is out to lunch on these questions. Pablums from governments (like the latest cybersecurity commission appointed by the administration) won\u2019t cut it. On the other hand, short of a huge shift in public attitudes (cf. GMO\/Europe; they can happen), opt-outs from mainstream culture will remain oddities.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous software architect<\/strong> wrote, \u201cSecurity problems, which are already bad, will become more and more visible until we reach some kind of tipping point, hopefully leading to regulation of such devices and meaningful sanctions against vendors who ignore security problems. However, I expect a significant number of people will reject these devices regardless of whether their security improves.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> replied, \u201cMost companies manufacturing IoT technology will most likely continue to be more concerned with producing a product that prioritizes cost of entry and ease of use over security, if only because there is no monetary incentive for them to do otherwise. Until a lackadaisical approach to securing technology becomes a financial liability (though harsh fines) no progress will be made on this front. Data will continue to be leaked, breaches will continue to occur, and people will still buy into it regardless.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
David Collier-Brown<\/strong>, who provided no further identifying information, wrote, \u201cOur current security and maintainability is far, far behind the state that we need for networked security cameras and routers (today!) and for baby monitors and refrigerators in the immediate future. Unless we get people like Dave Taht (co-founder of the Bufferbloat Project<\/a>) and Vint Cerf (Internet Protocol co-inventor, see \u201cSometimes I\u2019m terrified by the IoT<\/a>\u201d) being listened to, I expect a boom-bust cycle as vendors sell garbage and unhappy consumers discard it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous leader at of a global privacy organization <\/strong>observed, \u201cThis is the least-positive outcome: People will disconnect. There is so much benefit to be had but those in industry are idiots at privacy and security so they are going to destroy its potential. I want a connected future, but I doubt that the industry leaders and governments, will let it happen in the most equitable way possible.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous director of business appraisal<\/strong> said, \u201cThe Internet of Things \u2013 unless strong cryptography is adopted \u2013 will die on the vine. Some always-connected devices will remain, of course, such as those connected with entertainment, but every bit of bad press about a hacked webcam or heating system will drive people away from total integration.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
[original equipment manufacturers]<\/p>\n\n\n
Amanda Licastro<\/strong>, an assistant professor of digital rhetoric at Stevenson University, commented, \u201cThe college students in my classes are already taking themselves offline by eschewing social media sites and deleting their own content from corporate-owned platforms. Many are influenced by the slew of movies, TV shows and books that present satirical or exaggerated versions of our future through a lens of constant surveillance and corporate control. At the same time, we are all reliant on these tools \u2013 Google, Facebook, messaging apps, etc. \u2013 to communicate and organize. This paradox may cause a division in our society that replaces or supplants the current political parties.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous freelance consultant<\/strong> said, \u201cMost people will choose the easier path of increased connectivity, but over time we will see public trust in government, corporations and markets continue to erode as more breaches of security come to light. Governments, corporations and markets are already suspect to increasing numbers of people, worldwide. Lack of effective security will further erode trust and increase discontent. Combined with job losses due to automation, this will not end well.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
[an acronym for technology company imperialism \u2013 short for Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon but it represents more than these]<\/p>\n\n\n
\u2018TMI\u2019 and less-than-stellar performance from complex tech systems will drive dropouts<\/h4>\n\n
It all may just get to be too much for people to handle, leading at least some to give it up. That\u2019s what some respondents said. Varied stressors, including information overload, complexity of IoT products, failure of products to perform well and other emerging negatives \u2013 often in combination with safety and privacy fears \u2013 will move people to withdraw to some extent from participation. The reasons can be as complicated as the systems some choose to escape.<\/p>\n\n
We are not going to be able to disconnect, but poor systems will make people want to disconnect as much as possible. … This will be very interesting to watch.\nAnonymous respondent<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n
An anonymous user researcher at a major global news organization<\/strong> observed, \u201cThe fact that we now routinely update software on our computers to patch should tell us everything we need to know about the Internet of Things. Do you want to update your toaster? No? Do not purchase connected devices. There\u2019s another problem. If your thermostat connects to a remote server to exchange data about your home-heating habits, and that company goes out of business, the next may no longer provide the servers to support your connected device. You may suddenly find that your thermostat doesn\u2019t work. We are creating needless systems of dependency on companies through the Internet of Things. And then there\u2019s privacy. Let\u2019s say, for example, you purchase a smart television. If a company is collecting the data about how often you watch your smart television, we may want to consider that their primary reason to exist is to make a few dollars, and that data represents a revenue stream. Unless consumers read their privacy policies and terms of service, they are remarkably disadvantaged in their relationship with companies. Maybe the television company wants to sell the data with your insurer, or sell your television habits to data brokers to find out how often you purchase products you see advertised on your favorite channel. If privacy is a concern, it\u2019s a lot easier to simply buy a disconnected device. It\u2019s difficult to foretell the future adoption of networked devices, but I see no strong indications that the adoption will fall. This is despite the many problems with digital security, the inherent dependencies such devices create upon for-profit companies, and the privacy risks that can be abated through simply disconnecting.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous respondent<\/strong> said, \u201cI have no desire to have a more deeply connected life. I\u2019ve got all I can deal with right now and don\u2019t want my devices to be telling me what to do without my asking.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Another anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> commented, \u201cPeople can best understand linear, i.e., simple systems. IoT brings an even more pervasive complex system into our daily lives. This trend together with the lack of sense to have good security will result in accidents and, potentially, disasters as transportation systems and health systems become increasingly reliant on IoT technology.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous technology writer<\/strong> said, \u201cThe Internet of Things will flourish in some of its many application areas but I doubt that the \u2018connected home\u2019 is one of them. Building operation management makes sense for hotels and high-rises, but connecting home objects at random \u2018to the internet\u2019 is a real alphabet soup of protocols and systems, difficult to secure but also difficult to maintain, upgrade and repair. Safety won\u2019t be what stops people, it will be the same fiddly disenchantment that stops many from, for instance, wearing athletic tracking bracelets.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
An anonymous<\/strong> respondent<\/strong> predicted, \u201cWe are not going to be able to disconnect, but poor systems will make people want to disconnect as much as possible, and job loss to technology will mean people will try to slow adaptation to technology and come up with innovative ways to increase productivity. This will be very interesting to watch.\u201d<\/p>\n\n
Additional anonymous respondents<\/strong> who believe significant numbers will disconnect wrote:<\/p>\n\n
\n
- \u201cI already disconnect.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cThis is an easy question to answer: It\u2019s happening already.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cWithout major social and political change this looks to be the best way forward.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cPeople will get more and more fatigued by online lives and retreat to only necessary online interactions.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cBoomers will seek to disconnect.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cI expect many people to try to disable the connectivity of many of their machines.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cWhat I\u2019m hearing from early adopters of IoT technology is that they are always trying to find ways to turn the internet connectivity off.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cWhat will happen when you can\u2019t buy non-connected devices? Almost all Android apps I use want access to my camera and microphone and I have to grant it or I can\u2019t use the app. I\u2019m trapped!\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cI laugh every time I see an advertisement for a \u2018smart refrigerator.\u2019 Are people really that desperate for a little convenience that they would open themselves up to hacking?\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cI do think significant numbers will disconnect, but fewer will be motivated by security fears than by negative online experiences and a desire for more-authentic, caring interactions.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cThe Internet of Things is going to lead to massive security breaches that will drive people away from being interconnected.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cMajor risks will cause a counter reaction by which significant number of people will disconnect.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cAs each item comes online, there\u2019s more opportunity for the bad guys.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cI can\u2019t wait to see how many people die from the Internet of Things.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cI will resist the IoT as long and as much as possible.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cPeople will try to disconnect, only to discover too late that they\u2019re unable to.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cWithout trust there can be no real safety.\u201d<\/li>\n
- \u201cThe safest network is a disconnected network.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Some 15% of these respondents are not at all confident that the Internet of Things will be safe enough to command trust among users. They argue that a number of the problems mentioned elsewhere in this report will be severe enough that some people will retreat from super-connected life. They particularly stress how key systems 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Internet of Things Connectivity Binge: What Are the Implications?","slug":"the-internet-of-things-connectivity-binge-what-are-the-implications","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/the-internet-of-things-connectivity-binge-what-are-the-implications\/","is_active":false},{"id":93523,"title":"About this canvassing of experts","slug":"future-of-connectivity-about-this-canvassing-of-experts","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/future-of-connectivity-about-this-canvassing-of-experts\/","is_active":false},{"id":93564,"title":"Theme 1: People crave connection and convenience, and a tech-linked world serves both goals well","slug":"theme-1-people-crave-connection-and-convenience-and-a-tech-linked-world-serves-both-goals-well","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-1-people-crave-connection-and-convenience-and-a-tech-linked-world-serves-both-goals-well\/","is_active":false},{"id":93555,"title":"Theme 2: Unplugging isn\u2019t easy now, and by 2026 it will be even tougher","slug":"theme-2-unplugging-isnt-easy-now-and-by-2026-it-will-be-even-tougher","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-2-unplugging-isnt-easy-now-and-by-2026-it-will-be-even-tougher\/","is_active":false},{"id":93546,"title":"Theme 3: Risk is part of life. The Internet of Things will be accepted, despite dangers, because most people believe the worst-case scenario would never happen to them","slug":"theme-3-risk-is-part-of-life-the-internet-of-things-will-be-accepted-despite-dangers-because-most-people-believe-the-worst-case-scenario-would-never-happen-to-them","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-3-risk-is-part-of-life-the-internet-of-things-will-be-accepted-despite-dangers-because-most-people-believe-the-worst-case-scenario-would-never-happen-to-them\/","is_active":false},{"id":93515,"title":"Theme 4: More people will be connected and more will withdraw or refuse to participate","slug":"theme-4-more-people-will-be-connected-and-more-will-withdraw-or-refuse-to-participate","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-4-more-people-will-be-connected-and-more-will-withdraw-or-refuse-to-participate\/","is_active":false},{"id":93505,"title":"Theme 5: Human ingenuity and risk-mitigation strategies will make the Internet of Things safer","slug":"theme-5-human-ingenuity-and-risk-mitigation-strategies-will-make-the-internet-of-things-safer","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-5-human-ingenuity-and-risk-mitigation-strategies-will-make-the-internet-of-things-safer\/","is_active":false},{"id":93530,"title":"Theme 6: Notable numbers will disconnect","slug":"theme-6-notable-numbers-will-disconnect","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/internet\/2017\/06\/06\/theme-6-notable-numbers-will-disconnect\/","is_active":true},{"id":93537,"title":"Theme 7: Whether or not people disconnect, the dangers are real. 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