{"id":90946,"date":"2005-05-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-05-23T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2005\/05\/23\/differences-beyond-topic-and-media\/"},"modified":"2024-04-14T04:12:37","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T09:12:37","slug":"differences-beyond-topic-and-media","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2005\/05\/23\/differences-beyond-topic-and-media\/","title":{"rendered":"Differences Beyond Topic and Media"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What other elements seemed to make a story more or less likely to include a female voice? <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> According to this data, at least, story length and the number of viewpoints offered makes a difference. Longer stories and more viewpoints raise the level of sourcing overall, increasing the use of female sources as well as male sources. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Print and online stories over 1000 words were twice as likely to contain a female source as were stories under 500 words (52% versus 24%). They were also nearly twice as likely to contain a male source (97% of stories over 1000 words and 59% of stories under 500). <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Similarly, stories that offered a mix of viewpoints were 20 percentage points more likely to cite a female than those with just one viewpoint (47% versus 27%). The advantage was slightly less for male voices, 14 percentage points (94% versus 80%). <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Another possible element to consider is the gender make-up of our newsrooms. Past research suggests that female journalists tend to use more female sources than do male journalists. A study of three newspapers of different circulation sizes found that 24% of all the sources females reporters used were females. Just 16% of the sources male reporters used were female. <strong>(1)<\/strong> This was most evident at the smallest paper (201,000 circulation) where women were also more likely to rely on ethnic sources than were males. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Women journalists, then, may help diversify the source list, but in most newsrooms they are still a minority. Roughly 38% of print journalists in the U.S. are women, according to data collected by the American Society of Newspaper Editors, and 35% of supervisors.<strong>(2)<\/strong> In television, just 24% of American producers, writers, and directors are women, reports Media Awareness Network.<strong>(3)<\/strong> And looking at top executives of American media, telecommunications and e-companies, a 2001 study by the Annenberg Public Policy Center found just 13% are female. <strong>(4)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Whether the starting point is a pool of sources more dominated by males or a pool of journalists more inclined to seek out males, there do seem to be some steps one could take to create more opportunity for female voices to emerge. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(1)<\/strong> Rodgers, S., &amp; Thorson, E. (2003), \u201cA socialization perspective on male and female reporting,\u201d Journal of Communication, December, 658-675<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(2)<\/strong> Newsroom Employment Census, American Society of Newspaper Editors, Table M, April 6, 2005, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.asne.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.asne.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(3)<\/strong> \u201cWomen Working in the Media,\u201d Media Awareness Network, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.media-awareness.ca\/english\/issues\/stereotyping\/women_and_girls\/women_working.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.media-awareness.ca\/english\/issues\/stereotyping\/women_and_girls\/women_working.cfm<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(4) <\/strong>\u201cProgress or No Room at the Top? The Role of Women in Telecommunications, Broadcast, Cable and E-Companies,\u201d Annenberg Public Policy Center, 2001<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What other elements seemed to make a story more or less likely to include a female voice? According to this data, at least, story length and the number of viewpoints offered makes a difference. Longer stories and more viewpoints raise the level of sourcing overall, increasing the use of female sources as well as male 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