{"id":87600,"date":"2022-06-14T10:51:07","date_gmt":"2022-06-14T15:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/"},"modified":"2024-07-19T17:14:01","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T21:14:01","slug":"older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/","title":{"rendered":"7. Older journalists most content in their work, younger journalists more likely to find social media helpful"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many cases, journalists\u2019 views on the topics addressed in this survey vary by age, with the starkest differences frequently showing up between the youngest and oldest groups of the journalists surveyed. (<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/journalist-survey-appendix-detailed-tables-of-the-composition-of-the-journalist-survey-sample\">See Appendix<\/a> for a detailed breakdown of the sample by age.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/pj_2022-06-14_journalist-survey_7-01\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e9e4df\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"780\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png\" alt=\"Bar chart showing older journalists far more likely to say that their job positively impacts their emotional well-being\" class=\"wp-image-182139 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e9e4df; width:420px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=300,279 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=768,713 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=436,405 436w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=200,186 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=260,241 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=310,288 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=420,390 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=640,594 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=740,687 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=160,149 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-01-1.png?resize=320,297 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the largest gaps between age groups emerges around the question of what impact respondents\u2019 jobs have on their emotional well-being. Three-quarters of journalists ages 65 and older say their job has a very or somewhat positive impact on their emotional well-being. But among journalists ages 18 to 29, that number plummets to about three-in-ten (29%). Instead, roughly half of all journalists under 30 (51%) say their job has a <em>negative<\/em> effect on their emotional well-being.[6. These findings are in line with research that shows that, in general, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/mental-illness\">mental illness<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/03\/16\/many-americans-continue-to-experience-mental-health-difficulties-as-pandemic-enters-second-year\/\">psychological distress<\/a> are more prevalent among younger adults.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a related area, journalists 65 and older are less likely to report having experienced at least one incident of job-related threat or harassment from someone outside their news organization in the past year (30%). That percentage increases to about half among those ages 18 to 29 (50%) and 30 to 49 (48%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among journalists who report experiencing some kind of harassment from someone outside their organization, younger journalists are more likely to have experienced at least some of it through social media: 82% of journalists under 30 say at least one of the incidents of harassment they experienced in the past year was on social media, versus 66% of those 65 and older.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, journalists of all age groups are far more likely to say social media\u2019s impact on the state of journalism in the U.S. has been negative rather than positive. But younger journalists stand out from their elders in their assessments of how social media can aid in a number of specific tasks related to their jobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among journalists who use social media for their job, 89% of those ages 18 to 29 say social media has a very or somewhat positive impact on their ability to identify stories that should be covered, 25 percentage points higher than those 65 and older (64%). A similar percentage of the youngest journalists (91%) say social media has a positive impact on finding sources for stories, again higher than the oldest group (71%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/pj_2022-06-14_journalist-survey_7-02\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f1f1f1\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"826\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png\" alt=\"Dot plot showing younger journalists see more benefits of social media in their jobs, particularly in identifying stories and finding sources\" class=\"wp-image-182142 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f1f1f1; width:640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=300,194 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=768,496 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=1024,661 1024w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=628,405 628w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=200,129 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=260,168 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=310,200 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=420,271 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=640,413 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=740,478 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=160,103 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-02-1.png?resize=320,207 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;younger-journalists-less-satisfied-with-their-organization-s-diversity-efforts&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"younger-journalists-less-satisfied-with-their-organization-s-diversity-efforts\">Younger journalists less satisfied with their organization\u2019s diversity efforts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/pj_2022-06-14_journalist-survey_7-03\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e4dedf\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"1248\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png\" alt=\"Bar chart showing the oldest journalists are less likely to have had trainings on diversity at their organization\" class=\"wp-image-182141 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e4dedf; width:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=149,300 149w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=509,1024 509w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=201,405 201w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=200,403 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=260,523 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=310,624 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=420,845 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-03-1.png?resize=318,640 318w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There also are noteworthy gaps between journalists of different age groups on issues related to newsroom diversity and inclusion. In many areas, younger journalists are more likely than their older peers to say their organization (or the main one they work for if they work for more than one) does <em>not<\/em> have sufficient diversity, including racial and ethnic diversity, with 68% of journalists ages 18 to 29 saying there is not enough diversity in this area at their organization, compared with 37% of those 65 and older. Another large gap exists on the issue of socioeconomic diversity: 44% of those ages 18 to 29 say their organization does not have enough diversity in this area, compared with 22% of those 65 and older.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, a majority of the journalists surveyed in each age group say everyone in their organization is treated fairly, regardless of race and ethnicity, but younger journalists are somewhat less likely to do so: About six-in-ten journalists ages 18 to 29 (61%) and 30 to 49 (62%) say this, compared with 72% of journalists ages 50 to 64 and 75% of those 65 and older. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The oldest group of journalists is also considerably less likely to have trainings or discussions about diversity and inclusion. For instance, while 45% of journalists under 50 say they have attended a formal training or meeting on how to cover issues of diversity in the news in the past year, about a quarter of journalists 65 and older (24%) have done so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;oldest-journalists-most-concerned-about-possible-press-restrictions-but-also-most-satisfied-in-their-jobs&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"oldest-journalists-most-concerned-about-possible-press-restrictions-but-also-most-satisfied-in-their-jobs\">Oldest journalists most concerned about possible press restrictions, but also most satisfied in their jobs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/older-journalists-most-content-in-their-work-younger-journalists-more-likely-to-find-social-media-helpful\/pj_2022-06-14_journalist-survey_7-04\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e4ddde\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"752\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png\" alt=\"Bar chart showing older journalists more concerned about the future of press freedom in America\" class=\"wp-image-182140 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e4ddde; width:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png 620w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=247,300 247w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=334,405 334w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=200,243 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=260,315 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=310,376 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=420,509 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=160,194 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/06\/PJ_2022.06.14_journalist-survey_7-04-1.png?resize=320,388 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One issue that concerns older journalists more than younger ones is the prospect of restrictions being imposed on the profession. Roughly two-thirds of journalists ages 65 and older (68%) and those 50 to 64 (63%) say they are extremely or very concerned about potential restrictions on press freedoms in America. Smaller yet sizable percentages of journalists under 30 (42%) and ages 30 to 49 (52%) share these concerns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Older journalists appear to be satisfied with their work somewhat more than the rest of their colleagues. Though majorities of each age group express high levels of satisfaction, those 65 and older outpace other age groups in the share who are very or somewhat satisfied with their job.[7. Previous Center data shows that older Americans overall generally are more satisfied with their job or career than younger Americans.] And about four-in-five journalists in this age range (83%) say they are very or extremely proud of the work they produce, compared with 68% of journalists ages 18 to 29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In another measure related to job satisfaction, journalists 65 and older feel the most connected to their audiences. About two-thirds (66%) say they feel extremely or very connected, far more than the share of those ages 18 to 29 (29%) and 30 to 49 (37%) who say the same.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In many cases, journalists\u2019 views on the topics addressed in this survey vary by age, with the starkest differences frequently showing up between the youngest and oldest groups of the journalists surveyed. (See Appendix for a detailed breakdown of the sample by age.) 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Journalists express high job satisfaction but are concerned about the state of the news industry","slug":"journalists-express-high-job-satisfaction-but-are-concerned-about-the-state-of-the-news-industry","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/journalists-express-high-job-satisfaction-but-are-concerned-about-the-state-of-the-news-industry\/","is_active":false},{"id":87596,"title":"2. Journalists highly concerned about misinformation, future of press freedoms","slug":"journalists-highly-concerned-about-misinformation-future-of-press-freedoms","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/journalism\/2022\/06\/14\/journalists-highly-concerned-about-misinformation-future-of-press-freedoms\/","is_active":false},{"id":87650,"title":"3. 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