{"id":70214,"date":"2022-11-17T09:50:35","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T14:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/"},"modified":"2024-07-10T10:11:28","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T14:11:28","slug":"climate-religion-appendix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pew Research Center conducted an experiment to better understand how religious leaders\u2019 messages might influence their followers\u2019 views on the environment. Using a sample of more than 3,000 U.S. adults that was separate from the main survey, the experiment posed two questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A third of the respondents were shown the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

As you may know, many religious leaders \u2013 including Pope Francis, leaders in the National Association of Evangelicals, and leaders in the National Council of Churches \u2013 have said that humanity has a moral and religious obligation to reduce the amount of harm we are causing to the environment.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

How much harm do you think humans are causing to the environment?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1              A great deal of harm
2              Quite a bit of harm
3              Some harm
4              A little harm
5              No harm at all<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shown on next page):<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

How much should people be willing to sacrifice today in order to maintain a healthy environment for future generations?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1          A great deal
2          Quite a bit
3          Some
4          A little
5          Nothing at all<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Another third of respondents were shown the same two questions, but with the following prompt at the beginning:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

As you may know, scientists who study environmental issues have called on people around the world to reduce the amount of harm we are causing to the environment.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"Table<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The remaining third of respondents were shown the same two questions, but without any introductory text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conducting the experiment in this way allows comparisons of whether each statement has an influence on how respondents answer questions about the environment. The results indicate that reading either statement immediately before these questions does not have much impact on the answers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, people who received the statement about religious leaders were 1 percentage point less likely than people who did not get a preface to the question to say humans are causing a great deal or quite a bit of harm to the environment, a difference that is not statistically significant. Likewise, those who got the statement about scientists were 3 points more likely than those who did not receive a preface to say humans are causing at least \u201cquite a bit\u201d of harm to the environment \u2013 again, not a statistically significant difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These statements do seem to move the needle for members of some religious groups. Catholics who received either the prompt about religious leaders or the one about scientists were more likely than those who did not receive any prompt to say humans are causing harm to the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Chart<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The prompt appears to have had the opposite impact on White evangelical Protestants.[14. numoffset=”14″ The experiment subdivides Protestants based on respondents\u2019 answers to a question that asks whether they consider themselves born-again or evangelical Christians, while the rest of the report subdivides Protestants based as much as possible on the denomination they associate with.] Evangelicals who received the prompt about religious leaders were 10 percentage points less<\/em> likely than those who did not receive a prompt to say humans are causing harm to the environment. Given the limited sample size, this 10-point difference is not significantly different at the 95% confidence level (Pew Research Center\u2019s typical threshold for determining statistical significance). It is, however, significant at the 85% confidence level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Across the board, neither of the prompts significantly affected responses to the second question, about the extent to which people should be willing to sacrifice to maintain a healthy environment for future generations. And overall, the experiment suggests that these statements have minimal, if any, effect on how respondents answered these questions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pew Research Center conducted an experiment to better understand how religious leaders\u2019 messages might influence their followers\u2019 views on the environment. Using a sample of more than 3,000 U.S. adults that was separate from the main survey, the experiment posed two questions. A third of the respondents were shown the following: As you may know, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":581,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":false,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[180,179,264,183,186,185,417,38,182,422,259,176,163,160,195],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[1725],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[517],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-70214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-catholicism","category-christianity","category-climate-energy-environment","category-evangelicalism","category-historically-black-protestantism","category-mainline-protestantism","category-partisanship-issues","category-political-issues","category-protestantism","category-religion-race-1","category-religion-science-1","category-religion-science-2","category-religion-social-values","category-religious-identity-affiliation","category-religiously-unaffiliated","datasets-american-trends-panel-wave-106","formats-report","research-teams-religion"],"label":false,"post_parent":70200,"word_count":687,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":141447,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_22.11.17_religionEnvironment_featured-1.jpg?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"View of Earth from the International Space Station. (NASA)","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":70200,"title":"How Religion Intersects With Americans\u2019 Views on the Environment","slug":"how-religion-intersects-with-americans-views-on-the-environment","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/how-religion-intersects-with-americans-views-on-the-environment\/","is_active":false},{"id":70206,"title":"Sidebar: Involvement by religious groups in debates over climate change","slug":"sidebar-involvement-by-religious-groups-in-debates-over-climate-change","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/sidebar-involvement-by-religious-groups-in-debates-over-climate-change\/","is_active":false},{"id":70209,"title":"1. Religious beliefs about Earth and the environment","slug":"religious-beliefs-about-earth-and-the-environment","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/religious-beliefs-about-earth-and-the-environment\/","is_active":false},{"id":70236,"title":"2. Environmentalism in U.S. religious congregations","slug":"environmentalism-in-u-s-religious-congregations","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/environmentalism-in-u-s-religious-congregations\/","is_active":false},{"id":70229,"title":"3. Environmentalism, individual actions and the morality of energy use","slug":"environmentalism-individual-actions-and-the-morality-of-energy-use","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/environmentalism-individual-actions-and-the-morality-of-energy-use\/","is_active":false},{"id":70219,"title":"4. Religious groups\u2019 views on climate change","slug":"religious-groups-views-on-climate-change","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/religious-groups-views-on-climate-change\/","is_active":false},{"id":70223,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"climate-religion-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":70191,"title":"Methodology","slug":"climate-religion-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-methodology\/","is_active":false},{"id":70214,"title":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?","slug":"climate-religion-appendix","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/","is_active":true}],"report_materials":[{"key":"_9s1mfkzys","type":"topline","attachmentId":81355,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_2022.11.17_religion-climate_TOPLINE.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"key":"_qcaug81l7","type":"report","attachmentId":81377,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_2022.11.17_climate-religion_REPORT.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"type":"dataset","id":1725,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 106","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-106\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":70214,"title":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?","slug":"climate-religion-appendix","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/","is_active":true,"page_num":9},"next_post":null,"previous_post":{"id":70191,"title":"Methodology","slug":"climate-religion-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},"pagination_items":[{"id":70200,"title":"How Religion Intersects With Americans\u2019 Views on the Environment","slug":"how-religion-intersects-with-americans-views-on-the-environment","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/how-religion-intersects-with-americans-views-on-the-environment\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":70206,"title":"Sidebar: Involvement by religious groups in debates over climate change","slug":"sidebar-involvement-by-religious-groups-in-debates-over-climate-change","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/sidebar-involvement-by-religious-groups-in-debates-over-climate-change\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":70209,"title":"1. Religious beliefs about Earth and the environment","slug":"religious-beliefs-about-earth-and-the-environment","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/religious-beliefs-about-earth-and-the-environment\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":70236,"title":"2. Environmentalism in U.S. religious congregations","slug":"environmentalism-in-u-s-religious-congregations","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/environmentalism-in-u-s-religious-congregations\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":70229,"title":"3. Environmentalism, individual actions and the morality of energy use","slug":"environmentalism-individual-actions-and-the-morality-of-energy-use","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/environmentalism-individual-actions-and-the-morality-of-energy-use\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":70219,"title":"4. Religious groups\u2019 views on climate change","slug":"religious-groups-views-on-climate-change","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/religious-groups-views-on-climate-change\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},{"id":70223,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"climate-religion-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":7},{"id":70191,"title":"Methodology","slug":"climate-religion-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},{"id":70214,"title":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?","slug":"climate-religion-appendix","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/climate-religion-appendix\/","is_active":true,"page_num":9}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"How Religion Intersects With Americans\u2019 Views on the Environment","parent_id":70200},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?","description":"Pew Research Center conducted an experiment to better understand how religious leaders\u2019 messages might influence their followers\u2019 views on the environment. Using a sample of more than 3,000 U.S. adults…","og_title":"Appendix: Does mentioning religious leaders\u2019 support for environmental protection influence respondents\u2019 answers to survey questions about it?","og_description":"","schema_type":"Article","noindex":false,"canonical_url":"","primary_terms":{"category":163},"custom_schema":[],"og_image":141447,"indexnow_submitted_at":null,"gsc_index_status":null},"prepublish_checks":{"prc-image-alt-text":{"status":"complete","message":"All images have alt text.","data":null},"prc-about-this-research":{"status":"incomplete","message":"Add an \"About this research\" details block.","data":null},"prc-paragraph-count":{"status":"complete","message":"Found 16 paragraphs.","data":{"count":16}},"prc-internal-link":{"status":"complete","message":"Found 2 internal links.","data":{"count":2}}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"relatedPostsOrdered":[],"bylinesOrdered":[],"acknowledgementsOrdered":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70214","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/581"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70214"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70214\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":180615,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70214\/revisions\/180615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"bylines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bylines?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"collection","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/collection?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"datasets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/datasets?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"level_of_effort","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/level_of_effort?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"primary_audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/primary_audience?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"information_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/information_type?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"_post_visibility","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_post_visibility?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/formats?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"_fund_pool","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_fund_pool?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/languages?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"regions-countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/regions-countries?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"research-teams","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-teams?post=70214"},{"taxonomy":"workflow-status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/workflow-status?post=70214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}