{"id":69303,"date":"2024-03-15T10:57:02","date_gmt":"2024-03-15T15:57:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/"},"modified":"2026-05-14T10:36:09","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T14:36:09","slug":"8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/","title":{"rendered":"8 in 10 Americans Say Religion Is Losing Influence in Public Life"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-prc-block-subtitle\" aria-level=\"2\">Few see Biden or Trump as especially religious<\/h2>\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center conducted this survey to explore Americans\u2019 attitudes about religion\u2019s role in public life, including politics in a presidential election year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a><\/a>For this report, we surveyed 12,693 respondents from Feb. 13 to 25, 2024. Most of the respondents (10,642) are members of the American Trends Panel, an online survey panel recruited through national random sampling of residential addresses, which gives nearly all U.S. adults a chance of selection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The remaining respondents (2,051) are members of three other panels, the Ipsos KnowledgePanel, the NORC Amerispeak panel and the SSRS opinion panel. All three are national survey panels recruited through random sampling (not \u201copt-in\u201d polls). We used these additional panels to ensure that the survey would have enough Jewish and Muslim respondents to be able to report on their views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education, religious affiliation and other categories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more, refer to the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/our-methods\/u-s-surveys\/the-american-trends-panel\/\">ATP\u2019s Methodology<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/religion-public-life-methodology\/\">Methodology<\/a> for this report. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_TOPLINE.pdf\">questions used in this report<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>For our latest survey data about views of religion\u2019s role in public life,\u00a0read our 2026 report,\u00a0\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2026\/05\/14\/how-americans-feel-about-religions-influence-in-government-and-public-life\/\">How Americans Feel About Religion\u2019s Influence in Government and Public Life<\/a>.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-01-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80558\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f2f3f4\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f2f3f4;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-01.png?resize=480,537 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-01.png?resize=782,875 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-01.png?resize=840,940 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"470\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-01.png?w=420\" alt=\"Chart shows the share of Americans who say religion\u2019s influence is declining is as high as it\u2019s ever been\" class=\"wp-image-80558 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A new Pew Research Center survey finds that 80% of U.S. adults say religion\u2019s role in American life is shrinking \u2013 a percentage that\u2019s as high as it\u2019s ever been in our surveys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most Americans who say religion\u2019s influence is shrinking are not happy about it. Overall, 49% of U.S. adults say both that religion is losing influence<em> and<\/em> that this is a bad thing. An additional 8% of U.S. adults think religion\u2019s influence is growing and that this is a good thing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Together, a combined 57% of U.S adults \u2013 a clear majority \u2013 express a positive view of religion\u2019s influence on American life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-02-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80561\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e8ebeb\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e8ebeb;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?resize=480,247 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?resize=782,402 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?resize=960,494 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?resize=1200,617 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?resize=1280,658 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"329\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-02.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows 49% of Americans say religion\u2019s influence is declining and that this is a bad thing\" class=\"wp-image-80561 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The survey also finds that about half of U.S. adults say it\u2019s \u201cvery\u201d or \u201csomewhat\u201d important to them to have a president who has strong religious beliefs, even if those beliefs are different from their own. But relatively few Americans view either of the leading presidential candidates as very religious: <strong>13% of Americans say they think President Joe Biden is very religious, and just 4% say this about former President Donald Trump.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, there are widespread signs of unease with religion\u2019s trajectory in American life. This dissatisfaction is not just among religious Americans. Rather, many religious and nonreligious Americans say they feel that their religious beliefs put them at odds with mainstream culture, with the people around them and with the other side of the political spectrum. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-03-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80565\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f2f3f3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f2f3f3;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-03.png?resize=480,442 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-03.png?resize=782,721 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-03.png?resize=840,774 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"387\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-03.png?w=420\" alt=\"Chart shows a growing share of Americans feel their religious views are at odds with the mainstream\" class=\"wp-image-80565 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>48% of U.S. adults say there\u2019s \u201ca great deal\u201d of or \u201csome\u201d conflict between their religious beliefs and mainstream American culture, up from 42% in 2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>29% say they think of themselves as religious minorities, up from 24% in 2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>41% say it\u2019s best to avoid discussing religion at all if someone disagrees with you, up from 33% in 2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>72% of religiously unaffiliated adults \u2013 those who identify, religiously, as atheist, agnostic or \u201cnothing in particular\u201d \u2013 say conservative Christians have gone too far in trying to control religion in the government and public schools; 63% of Christians say the same about secular liberals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are among the key findings of a new Pew Research Center survey, conducted Feb. 13-25, 2024, among a nationally representative sample of 12,693 U.S. adults.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>This report examines:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/religions-role-in-public-life\/\">Religion\u2019s role in public life<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/u-s-presidential-candidates-and-their-religious-engagement\/\">U.S. presidential candidates and their religious engagement<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/christianitys-place-in-politics-and-christian-nationalism\/\">Christianity\u2019s place in politics, and \u201cChristian nationalism\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The survey also finds wide partisan gaps on questions about the proper role for religion in society,<\/strong> with Republicans more likely than Democrats to favor religious influence in governance and public life. For instance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents say that when the Bible and the will of the people conflict, the Bible should have more influence on U.S. laws than the will of the people. Just 16% of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents say this.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>21% of Republicans and GOP leaners say the federal government should declare Christianity the official religion of the United States, compared with 7% of Democrats and Democratic leaners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;moral-and-religious-qualities-in-a-president&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"moral-and-religious-qualities-in-a-president\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moral and religious qualities in a president<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Almost all Americans (94%) say it is \u201cvery\u201d or \u201csomewhat\u201d important to have a president who personally lives a moral and ethical life. And a majority (64%) say it\u2019s important to have a president who stands up for people with their religious beliefs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">About half of U.S. adults (48%) say it is important for the president to hold strong religious beliefs. Fewer (37%) say it\u2019s important for the president to have the <em>same<\/em> religious beliefs as their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Republicans are much more likely than Democrats to value religious qualities in a president, and Christians are more likely than the religiously unaffiliated to do so. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Republicans and GOP leaners are twice as likely as Democrats and Democratic leaners to say it is important to have a president who has the same religious beliefs they do (51% vs. 25%).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>70% of White evangelical Protestants say it is important to have a president who shares their religious beliefs. Just 11% of religiously unaffiliated Americans say this.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-04-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80567\"><img data-dominant-color=\"c8dae3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #c8dae3;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?resize=480,436 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?resize=782,710 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?resize=960,872 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?resize=1200,1089 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?resize=1280,1162 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"581\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-04.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows Nearly all U.S. adults say it is important to have a president who personally lives a moral, ethical life\" class=\"wp-image-80567 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;views-of-biden-trump-and-their-religious-engagement&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"views-of-biden-trump-and-their-religious-engagement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Views of Biden, Trump and their religious engagement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relatively few Americans think of Biden or Trump as \u201cvery\u201d religious. Indeed, even most Republicans don\u2019t think Trump is very religious, and even most Democrats don\u2019t think Biden is very religious.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>6% of Republicans and GOP leaners say Trump is very religious, while 44% say he is \u201csomewhat\u201d religious. Nearly half (48%) say he is \u201cnot too\u201d or \u201cnot at all\u201d religious.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>23% of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents say Biden is very religious, while 55% say he is somewhat religious. And 21% say he is not too or not at all religious.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-05-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80568\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eeebec\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eeebec;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?resize=480,233 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?resize=782,380 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?resize=960,467 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?resize=1200,583 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?resize=1280,622 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"311\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-05.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows Few Americans see Biden, Trump as very religious\" class=\"wp-image-80568 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though they don\u2019t think Trump is very religious himself, most Republicans and people in religious groups that tend to favor the Republican Party <em>do<\/em> think he stands up at least to some extent for people with their religious beliefs. Two-thirds of Republicans and independents who lean toward the GOP (67%) say Trump stands up for people with their religious beliefs \u201ca great deal,\u201d \u201cquite a bit\u201d or \u201csome.\u201d About the same share of White evangelical Protestants (69%) say this about Trump.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Similarly, 60% of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents, as well as 73% of Jewish Americans and 60% of Black Protestants, say Biden stands up for people with their religious beliefs a great deal, quite a bit or some.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-06-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80569\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e2d8db\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e2d8db;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?resize=480,449 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?resize=782,731 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?resize=960,897 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?resize=1200,1121 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?resize=1280,1196 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"598\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-06.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows About 7 in 10 White evangelical Protestants say Trump stands up for people with their religious beliefs at least to \u2018some\u2019 extent\" class=\"wp-image-80569 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, views of both Trump and Biden are generally unfavorable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>White evangelical Protestants \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2023\/07\/12\/voting-patterns-in-the-2022-elections\/#Religion-and-the-2022-election\">a largely Republican group<\/a> \u2013 stand out as having particularly favorable views of Trump (67%) and unfavorable views of Biden (86%).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Black Protestants and Jewish Americans \u2013 largely Democratic groups \u2013 stand out for having favorable views of Biden and unfavorable views of Trump.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-07-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80571\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e9e2e4\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e9e2e4;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-07.png?resize=480,675 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-07.png?resize=782,1100 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-07.png?resize=840,1182 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"591\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-07.png?w=420\" alt=\"Chart shows Views of Biden and Trump are divided along religious and partisan lines\" class=\"wp-image-80571 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;views-on-trying-to-control-religious-values-in-the-government-and-schools&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"views-on-trying-to-control-religious-values-in-the-government-and-schools\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Views on trying to control religious values in the government and schools<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Americans are almost equally split on whether conservative Christians have gone too far in trying to push their religious values in the government and public schools, as well as on whether secular liberals have gone too far in trying to keep religious values <em>out<\/em> of these institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most religiously unaffiliated Americans (72%) and Democrats (72%) say conservative Christians have gone too far. And most Christians (63%) and Republicans (76%) say secular liberals have gone too far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-08-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80574\"><img data-dominant-color=\"dce4e9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dce4e9;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?resize=480,434 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?resize=782,707 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?resize=960,869 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?resize=1200,1086 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?resize=1280,1158 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"579\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-08.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows Many Americans think conservative Christians, secular liberals have gone too far in trying to control religion in government and public schools\" class=\"wp-image-80574 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;christianity-s-place-in-politics-and-christian-nationalism&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"christianity-s-place-in-politics-and-christian-nationalism\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Christianity\u2019s place in politics, and Christian nationalism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In recent years, \u201cChristian nationalism\u201d has received a great deal of attention as an ideology that <a href=\"https:\/\/news.yale.edu\/2022\/03\/15\/yale-sociologist-phil-gorski-threat-white-christian-nationalism\">some critics have said<\/a> could <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/6214724\/christian-nationalism-threats-united-states\/\">threaten American democracy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-200-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-09-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80578\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e5e5e5\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e5e5e5;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-09.png?resize=400,900 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"450\" width=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-09.png?w=200\" alt=\"Table shows Americans\u2019 views of Christian nationalism have been stable since 2022\" class=\"wp-image-80578 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite growing news coverage of Christian nationalism \u2013 including reports of political leaders <a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/entry\/marjorie-taylor-greene-christian-nationalism-republican-party_n_62dd70bde4b081f3a9007344\">who seem to endorse the concept<\/a> \u2013 the new survey shows that there has been no change in the share of Americans who have heard of Christian nationalism over the past year and a half. Similarly, the new survey finds no change in how favorably U.S. adults view Christian nationalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, 45% say they have heard or read about Christian nationalism, including 25% who also have an unfavorable view of it and 5% who have a favorable view of it. Meanwhile, 54% of Americans say they haven\u2019t heard of Christian nationalism at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One element often associated with Christian nationalism is the idea that church and state should not be separated, despite the <a href=\"https:\/\/constitution.congress.gov\/constitution\/amendment-1\/\">Establishment Clause<\/a> in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The survey finds that about half of Americans (49%) say the Bible should have \u201ca great deal\u201d of or \u201csome\u201d influence on U.S. laws, while another half (51%) say it should have \u201cnot much\u201d or \u201cno influence.\u201d And 28% of U.S. adults say the Bible should have more influence than the will of the people if the two conflict. These numbers have remained virtually unchanged over the past four years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-010-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80579\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eaeef0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eaeef0;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?resize=480,216 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?resize=782,352 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?resize=960,432 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?resize=1200,540 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?resize=1280,576 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"288\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-010.png?w=640\" alt=\"Chart shows 28% of Americans say the Bible should prevail if Bible and the people\u2019s will conflict\" class=\"wp-image-80579 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the new survey, 16% of U.S. adults say the government should stop enforcing the separation of church and state. This is little changed since 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/8-in-10-americans-say-religion-is-losing-influence-in-public-life\/pr_2024-3-15_religion-public-life_00-011-png\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-80581\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eae5de\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eae5de;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-011.png?resize=480,479 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-011.png?resize=782,780 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-011.png?resize=840,838 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"419\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/PR_2024.3.15_religion-public-life_00-011.png?w=420\" alt=\"Chart shows Views on church-state separation and the U.S. as a Christian nation\" class=\"wp-image-80581 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In response to a separate question, 13% of U.S. adults say the federal government should declare Christianity the official religion of the U.S., and 44% say the government should not declare the country a Christian nation but should promote Christian moral values. Meanwhile, 39% say the government should not elevate Christianity in either way.[1. The share saying that the government should declare Christianity the official national religion (13%) is almost identical to the share who said the government should declare the U.S. a Christian nation in <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2021\/10\/28\/in-u-s-far-more-support-than-oppose-separation-of-church-and-state\/\">a March 2021 survey<\/a> that asked a similar question (15%).] <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, 3% of U.S. adults say the Bible should have more influence on U.S. laws than the will of the people; <em>and<\/em> that the government should stop enforcing separation of church and state; <em>and<\/em> that Christianity should be declared the country\u2019s official religion. And 13% of U.S. adults endorse two of these three statements. Roughly one-fifth of the public (22%) expresses one of these three views that are often associated with Christian nationalism. The majority (62%) expresses none.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"guide-to-this-report\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Guide to this report<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The remainder of this report describes these findings in additional detail.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/religions-role-in-public-life\/\">Chapter 1<\/a>&nbsp;focuses on the public\u2019s perceptions of religion\u2019s role in public life. <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/u-s-presidential-candidates-and-their-religious-engagement\/\">Chapter 2<\/a>&nbsp;examines views of presidential candidates and their religious engagement. And&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2024\/03\/15\/christianitys-place-in-politics-and-christian-nationalism\/\">Chapter 3<\/a>&nbsp;focuses on Christian nationalism and views of the U.S. as a Christian nation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most Americans say religion&#8217;s influence is shrinking, and about half (48%) see conflict between their own religious beliefs and mainstream American culture.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":581,"featured_media":80585,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"Few see Biden or Trump as especially religious","sub_title":"Few see Biden or Trump as especially religious","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"relatedPosts":[{"key":"_ualyxsjz1","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2024\/03\/04\/us-christians-more-likely-than-nones-to-say-situation-at-the-border-is-a-crisis\/","postId":452230,"title":"U.S. Christians more likely than \u2018nones\u2019 to say situation at the border is a crisis","date":"2024-03-04T10:52:51","label":"Short Reads"},{"key":"_21xjpmrs3","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/11\/30\/growing-share-of-americans-see-the-supreme-court-as-friendly-toward-religion\/","postId":419161,"title":"Growing share of Americans see the Supreme Court as \u2018friendly\u2019 toward religion","date":"2022-11-30T10:59:09","label":"Short Reads"},{"key":"_ylwhzv7qo","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/10\/27\/45-of-americans-say-u-s-should-be-a-christian-nation\/","postId":416937,"title":"45% of Americans Say U.S. Should Be a \u2018Christian Nation\u2019","date":"2022-10-27T09:50:29","label":"Report"},{"key":"_bfu3772sf","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2023\/05\/10\/most-us-parents-pass-along-their-religion-and-politics-to-their-children\/","postId":429442,"title":"Most U.S. parents pass along their religion and politics to their children","date":"2023-05-10T11:56:33","label":"Short Reads"},{"key":"_vmv87pzsz","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2024\/02\/01\/from-businesses-and-banks-to-colleges-and-churches-americans-views-of-u-s-institutions\/","postId":451060,"title":"From Businesses and Banks to Colleges and Churches: Americans\u2019 Views of U.S. Institutions","date":"2024-02-01T14:00:07","label":"Report"},{"key":"_q6tgtbwt0","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2024\/03\/15\/5-facts-about-religion-and-americans-views-of-donald-trump\/","postId":452731,"title":"5 facts about religion and Americans\u2019 views of Donald Trump","date":"2024-03-15T10:57:32","label":"Short 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