{"id":47524,"date":"2019-09-19T09:26:16","date_gmt":"2019-09-19T14:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/"},"modified":"2024-04-14T04:10:31","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T09:10:31","slug":"trust-in-institutions-methodology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/","title":{"rendered":"Methodology"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 id=\"the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The American Trends Panel survey methodology<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The American Trends Panel (ATP), created by Pew Research Center, is a nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. Panelists participate via self-administered web surveys. Panelists who do not have internet access at home are provided with a tablet and wireless internet connection. The panel is managed by Ipsos.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/?attachment_id=20071366\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20071366\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20071366\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_trust-in-institutions_M-01.png\" alt=\"American Trends Panel recruitment surveys\" ><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Data in this report is drawn from the panel wave conducted Nov. 27 to Dec. 10, 2018. A total of 10,618 panelists responded out of 13,570 who were sampled, for a response rate of 78%. The cumulative response rate accounting for nonresponse to the recruitment surveys and attrition is 3.7%. The margin of sampling error for the full sample of 10,618 respondents is plus or minus 1.5 percentage points.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ATP was created in 2014, with the first cohort of panelists invited to join the panel at the end of a large, national, landline and cellphone random-digit-dial survey that was conducted in both English and Spanish. Two additional recruitments were conducted using the same method in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Across these three surveys, a total of 19,718 adults were invited to join the ATP, of which 9,942 agreed to participate.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In August 2018, the ATP switched from telephone to address-based recruitment. Invitations were sent to a random, address-based sample (ABS) of households selected from the U.S. Postal Service\u2019s Delivery Sequence File. In each household, the adult with the next birthday was asked to go online to complete a survey, at the end of which they were invited to join the panel. For a random half-sample of invitations, households without internet access were instructed to return a postcard. These households were contacted by telephone and sent a tablet if they agreed to participate. A total of 9,396 were invited to join the panel, and 8,778 agreed to join the panel and completed an initial profile survey.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/?attachment_id=20071367\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20071367\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20071367\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_trust-in-institutions_M-02.png\" alt=\"Weighting dimensions\" ><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of the 18,720 individuals who have ever joined the ATP, 13,570 remain active panelists and continue to receive survey invitations.<\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"weighting\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Weighting<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ATP data was weighted in a multistep process that begins with a base weight incorporating the respondents\u2019 original survey selection probability and the fact that in 2014 and 2017 some respondents were subsampled for invitation to the panel. The next step in the weighting uses an iterative technique that aligns the sample to population benchmarks on the dimensions listed in the accompanying table.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sampling errors and statistical-significance tests take into account the effect of weighting. Interviews are conducted in both English and Spanish, but the American Trends Panel\u2019s Hispanic sample is predominantly U.S. born and English speaking.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to sampling error, one should bear in mind that question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of opinion polls.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following table shows the unweighted sample sizes and the error attributable to sampling that would be expected at the 95% level of confidence for different groups in the survey:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/?attachment_id=20071368\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20071368\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20071368\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_trust-in-institutions_M-03.png\" alt=\"The unweighted sample sizes and the error attributable to sampling \" ><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sample sizes and sampling errors for other subgroups are available upon request.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a9 Pew Research Center, 2018<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The American Trends Panel survey methodology The American Trends Panel (ATP), created by Pew Research Center, is a nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. Panelists participate via self-administered web surveys. Panelists who do not have internet access at home are provided with a tablet and wireless internet connection. The panel is managed by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":377,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[520],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-47524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","formats-report","research-teams-politics"],"label":false,"post_parent":47508,"word_count":489,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":59964,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_featured-jpg.webp?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":47508,"title":"Why Americans Don\u2019t Fully Trust Many Who Hold Positions of Power and Responsibility","slug":"why-americans-dont-fully-trust-many-who-hold-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/data-labs\/2019\/09\/19\/why-americans-dont-fully-trust-many-who-hold-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false},{"id":47564,"title":"1. Where public confidence stands about eight groups that have positions of power and responsibility","slug":"where-public-confidence-stands-about-eight-groups-that-have-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/where-public-confidence-stands-about-eight-groups-that-have-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false},{"id":47517,"title":"2. Ethical behavior among those who hold these positions of power and responsibility","slug":"ethical-behavior-among-those-who-hold-these-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/ethical-behavior-among-those-who-hold-these-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false},{"id":47549,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"trust-in-institutions-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":47537,"title":"Appendix A: Demographic tables","slug":"trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables\/","is_active":false},{"id":47524,"title":"Methodology","slug":"trust-in-institutions-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/","is_active":true}],"report_materials":[{"key":"dfa06dab-73bc-48f7-b291-11f990aff2fb","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_FINAL.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"key":"362ac4db-9442-46fd-ace4-310de2c93de3","type":"topline","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/09\/TFD_2019.09.19_Trust-In-Institutions_TOPLINE.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"type":"dataset","id":1142,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 40","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-40\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":47524,"title":"Methodology","slug":"trust-in-institutions-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/","is_active":true,"page_num":6},"next_post":null,"previous_post":{"id":47537,"title":"Appendix A: Demographic tables","slug":"trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},"pagination_items":[{"id":47508,"title":"Why Americans Don\u2019t Fully Trust Many Who Hold Positions of Power and Responsibility","slug":"why-americans-dont-fully-trust-many-who-hold-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/data-labs\/2019\/09\/19\/why-americans-dont-fully-trust-many-who-hold-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":47564,"title":"1. Where public confidence stands about eight groups that have positions of power and responsibility","slug":"where-public-confidence-stands-about-eight-groups-that-have-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/where-public-confidence-stands-about-eight-groups-that-have-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":47517,"title":"2. Ethical behavior among those who hold these positions of power and responsibility","slug":"ethical-behavior-among-those-who-hold-these-positions-of-power-and-responsibility","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/ethical-behavior-among-those-who-hold-these-positions-of-power-and-responsibility\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":47549,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"trust-in-institutions-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":47537,"title":"Appendix A: Demographic tables","slug":"trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-appendix-a-demographic-tables\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":47524,"title":"Methodology","slug":"trust-in-institutions-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2019\/09\/19\/trust-in-institutions-methodology\/","is_active":true,"page_num":6}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"Why Americans Don\u2019t Fully Trust Many Who Hold Positions of Power and Responsibility","parent_id":47508},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Methodology","description":"The American Trends Panel survey methodology The American Trends Panel (ATP), created by Pew Research Center, is a nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. 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