{"id":47282,"date":"2020-11-20T10:00:41","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T15:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/"},"modified":"2024-09-20T17:50:56","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T21:50:56","slug":"appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/?attachment_id=20076524\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20076524\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20076524\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/11\/PP_2020.11.20_post-election_A-01.png\" alt=\"Categorization of states based on COVID policies\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To classify states based on the social-distancing policies they have in place, researchers relied on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kff.org\/coronavirus-covid-19\/issue-brief\/state-data-and-policy-actions-to-address-coronavirus\/\">Kaiser Family Foundation\u2019s summary of state actions<\/a> (accessed Nov. 11, 2020).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">States were given a score based on the number of measures they have in place to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. These include:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stay at home orders<\/li>\n<li>Mandatory quarantines for travelers<\/li>\n<li>Closures of non-essential businesses<\/li>\n<li>Closures and restrictions for restaurants and bars<\/li>\n<li>Limits on gatherings<\/li>\n<li>Mandatory face coverings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An additive index was created and then the states were divided into three roughly equal sized groups (based on population).<\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"defining-income-tiers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Defining income tiers<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To create upper-, middle- and lower-income tiers, respondents\u2019 2019 family incomes were adjusted for differences in purchasing power by geographic region and for household size. \u201cMiddle-income\u201d adults live in families with annual incomes that are two-thirds to double the median family income in the panel (after incomes have been adjusted for the local cost of living and for household size). The middle-income range for the American Trends Panel is about $38,900 to $116,800 annually for an average family of three. Lower-income families have incomes less than roughly $38,900, and upper-income families have incomes greater than roughly $116,800 (all figures expressed in 2019 dollars).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on these adjustments, among respondents who provided their income and household size, 33% are lower income, 45% are middle income and 18% fall into the upper-income tier. An additional 4% either didn\u2019t offer a response to the income question or the household size question.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information about how the income tiers were determined, please see <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/09\/24\/covid-19-financial-hardships-methodology\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To classify states based on the social-distancing policies they have in place, researchers relied on the Kaiser Family Foundation\u2019s summary of state actions (accessed Nov. 11, 2020). States were given a score based on the number of measures they have in place to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. These include: Stay at home orders [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":377,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","bylines":[],"acknowledgements":[],"displayBylines":true,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[448,381,40,51,383,420],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[1119],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[520],"class_list":["post-47282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-coronavirus-disease-covid-19","category-covid-19-politics","category-election-2020","category-election-system-voting-process","category-joe-biden","category-u-s-democracy","datasets-american-trends-panel-wave-78","formats-report","research-teams-politics"],"label":false,"post_parent":47363,"word_count":250,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":59749,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PP_20.11.17_PostElection_feature.jpg?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":47363,"title":"Sharp Divisions on Vote Counts, as Biden Gets High Marks for His Post-Election Conduct","slug":"sharp-divisions-on-vote-counts-as-biden-gets-high-marks-for-his-post-election-conduct","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/sharp-divisions-on-vote-counts-as-biden-gets-high-marks-for-his-post-election-conduct\/","is_active":false},{"id":47355,"title":"1. Biden, Trump and the post-election period","slug":"biden-trump-and-the-post-election-period","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/biden-trump-and-the-post-election-period\/","is_active":false},{"id":47347,"title":"2. Voters\u2019 evaluations of the 2020 election process","slug":"voters-evaluations-of-the-2020-election-process","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/voters-evaluations-of-the-2020-election-process\/","is_active":false},{"id":47338,"title":"3. The voting experience in 2020","slug":"the-voting-experience-in-2020","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/the-voting-experience-in-2020\/","is_active":false},{"id":47325,"title":"4. Voters\u2019 reflections on the campaign","slug":"voters-reflections-on-the-campaign","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/voters-reflections-on-the-campaign\/","is_active":false},{"id":47311,"title":"5. Key post-election issues: The pandemic and the economy","slug":"key-post-election-issues-the-pandemic-and-the-economy","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/key-post-election-issues-the-pandemic-and-the-economy\/","is_active":false},{"id":47296,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"post-election-views-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":47282,"title":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions","slug":"appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/","is_active":true},{"id":47269,"title":"Methodology","slug":"post-election-views-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-methodology\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"a63a7324-9f81-4014-b2f5-6b52fc8ce017","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/11\/PP_2020.11.20_Post-Election-Views_FINAL.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"key":"4cda086a-6270-4f8f-a766-ca85883d3adb","type":"topline","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/11\/PP_2020.11.19_Post-Election-Views_TOPLINE.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"type":"dataset","id":1119,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 78","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-78\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":47282,"title":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions","slug":"appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/","is_active":true,"page_num":8},"next_post":{"id":47269,"title":"Methodology","slug":"post-election-views-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9},"previous_post":{"id":47296,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"post-election-views-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":7},"pagination_items":[{"id":47363,"title":"Sharp Divisions on Vote Counts, as Biden Gets High Marks for His Post-Election Conduct","slug":"sharp-divisions-on-vote-counts-as-biden-gets-high-marks-for-his-post-election-conduct","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/sharp-divisions-on-vote-counts-as-biden-gets-high-marks-for-his-post-election-conduct\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":47355,"title":"1. Biden, Trump and the post-election period","slug":"biden-trump-and-the-post-election-period","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/biden-trump-and-the-post-election-period\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":47347,"title":"2. Voters\u2019 evaluations of the 2020 election process","slug":"voters-evaluations-of-the-2020-election-process","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/voters-evaluations-of-the-2020-election-process\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":47338,"title":"3. The voting experience in 2020","slug":"the-voting-experience-in-2020","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/the-voting-experience-in-2020\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":47325,"title":"4. Voters\u2019 reflections on the campaign","slug":"voters-reflections-on-the-campaign","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/voters-reflections-on-the-campaign\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":47311,"title":"5. Key post-election issues: The pandemic and the economy","slug":"key-post-election-issues-the-pandemic-and-the-economy","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/key-post-election-issues-the-pandemic-and-the-economy\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},{"id":47296,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"post-election-views-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":7},{"id":47282,"title":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions","slug":"appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/appendix-categorization-of-states-based-on-covid-restrictions\/","is_active":true,"page_num":8},{"id":47269,"title":"Methodology","slug":"post-election-views-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2020\/11\/20\/post-election-views-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"Sharp Divisions on Vote Counts, as Biden Gets High Marks for His Post-Election Conduct","parent_id":47363},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions","description":"To classify states based on the social-distancing policies they have in place, researchers relied on the Kaiser Family Foundation\u2019s summary of state actions (accessed Nov. 11, 2020). States were given&hellip;","og_title":"Appendix: Categorization of states based on COVID restrictions","og_description":"To classify states based on the social-distancing policies they have in place, researchers relied on the Kaiser Family Foundation\u2019s summary of state actions (accessed Nov. 11, 2020). States were given&hellip;","schema_type":"Article","noindex":false,"canonical_url":"","primary_terms":{"category":448,"formats":458,"research-teams":520},"custom_schema":[],"og_image":59749,"indexnow_submitted_at":null,"gsc_index_status":null},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"relatedPostsOrdered":[],"bylinesOrdered":[],"acknowledgementsOrdered":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/377"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47282"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":164764,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47282\/revisions\/164764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"bylines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bylines?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"collection","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/collection?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"datasets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/datasets?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"level_of_effort","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/level_of_effort?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"primary_audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/primary_audience?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"information_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/information_type?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"_post_visibility","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_post_visibility?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/formats?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"_fund_pool","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_fund_pool?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/languages?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"regions-countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/regions-countries?post=47282"},{"taxonomy":"research-teams","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-teams?post=47282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}