{"id":47133,"date":"2021-04-15T14:52:24","date_gmt":"2021-04-15T19:52:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2021\/04\/15\/biden-100-days-appendix\/"},"modified":"2024-05-28T11:08:34","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T15:08:34","slug":"biden-100-days-appendix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2021\/04\/15\/biden-100-days-appendix\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix: Defining income tiers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To create upper-, middle- and lower-income tiers, respondents\u2019 2019 family incomes were adjusted for differences in purchasing power by geographic region and for household size. \u201cMiddle-income\u201d adults live in families with annual incomes that are two-thirds to double the median family income in the panel (after incomes have been adjusted for the local cost of living and for household size). The middle-income range for the American Trends Panel is about $38,900 to $116,800 annually for an average family of three. Lower-income families have incomes less than roughly $38,900, and upper-income families have incomes greater than roughly $116,800 (all figures expressed in 2019 dollars).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on these adjustments, 32% are lower income, 45% are middle income and 19% fall into the upper-income tier. An additional 4% either didn\u2019t offer a response to the income question or the household size question.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information about how the income tiers were determined, please see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewsocialtrends.org\/2020\/09\/24\/covid-19-financial-hardships-methodology\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To create upper-, middle- and lower-income tiers, respondents\u2019 2019 family incomes were adjusted for differences in purchasing power by geographic region and for household size. \u201cMiddle-income\u201d adults live in families with annual incomes that are two-thirds to double the median family income in the panel (after incomes have been adjusted for the local cost of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":581,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[448,381,413,40,129,383,109,25,67,379,269],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[1114],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[520],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-47133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-coronavirus-disease-covid-19","category-covid-19-politics","category-covid-19-the-economy","category-election-2020","category-immigration-attitudes","category-joe-biden","category-national-conditions","category-politics-policy","category-presidential-approval","category-unauthorized-immigration","category-vaccines","datasets-american-trends-panel-wave-87","formats-report","research-teams-politics"],"label":false,"post_parent":47107,"word_count":143,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2021\/04\/15\/biden-100-days-appendix\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=640&h=360&crop=1","width":640,"height":360,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":141353,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/04\/PP_21.04.13_Biden100Days_feature-1.jpg?w=640&h=360&crop=1","width":640,"height":360,"caption":"","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":47107,"title":"Biden Nears 100-Day Mark With Strong Approval, Positive Rating for Vaccine Rollout","slug":"biden-nears-100-day-mark-with-strong-approval-positive-rating-for-vaccine-rollout","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2021\/04\/15\/biden-nears-100-day-mark-with-strong-approval-positive-rating-for-vaccine-rollout\/","is_active":false},{"id":47126,"title":"1. 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