{"id":38464,"date":"2023-08-10T10:01:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-10T15:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/"},"modified":"2026-07-09T18:00:09","modified_gmt":"2026-07-09T22:00:09","slug":"achieving-racial-equality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/","title":{"rendered":"3. Achieving racial equality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-46678\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/st_2023-08-10_mlk-legacy_3-01-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"dcdfd8\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dcdfd8;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-01.png?resize=480,512 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-01.png?resize=782,834 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-01.png?resize=840,896 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"448\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-01.png?w=420\" alt=\"Stacked bar chart showing many who say not enough has been done to ensure racial equality say certain systems need to be rebuilt \" class=\"wp-image-46678 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We asked people who say efforts to ensure equal rights <em>haven\u2019t gone far enough<\/em> how much they think each of the following needs to change to ensure equality for all people, regardless of race and ethnicity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The prison system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Policing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The political system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The health care system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The courts and judicial process<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The economic system<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Within that group of respondents, majorities of 80% or more say each of these requires at least major changes, with shares ranging from 25% to 44% saying they need to be completely rebuilt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On nearly every item, the shares saying the system needs to be completely rebuilt to ensure racial equality (among those who say efforts to ensure equality <em>haven\u2019t gone far enough<\/em>) vary by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Race and ethnicity:<\/strong> Black Americans are more likely than White, Hispanic and Asian Americans to say most of these systems need to be completely rebuilt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Age: <\/strong>Adults ages 18 to 29 are more likely than those 30 and older to say most of these systems need to be completely rebuilt. On most items, there are also differences between those ages 30 to 49 and those 50 and older, with the younger group more likely to say the system in question needs to be rebuilt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Partisanship: <\/strong>Democrats and those who lean Democratic are more likely than Republicans and Republican leaners to say several of these systems need to be completely rebuilt. In turn, Republicans are more likely than Democrats to say no changes or only minor changes are required (though majorities of Democrats and Republicans who say efforts to ensure equality <em>haven\u2019t gone far enough<\/em> say each of these systems requires at least major changes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-46683\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/st_2023-08-10_mlk-legacy_3-02-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d8e2df\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d8e2df;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?resize=480,455 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?resize=782,742 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?resize=960,911 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?resize=1200,1138 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?resize=1280,1214 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"607\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-02.png?w=640\" alt=\"Bar charts showing views of systems that need to be rebuilt to ensure racial equality differ by race, ethnicity, age and party\" class=\"wp-image-46683 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"protests-against-racial-inequality\">Protests against racial inequality<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-46690\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/st_2023-08-10_mlk-legacy_3-03-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d9dbcc\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d9dbcc;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-03.png?resize=480,649 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-03.png?resize=782,1058 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-03.png?resize=840,1136 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"568\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-03.png?w=420\" alt=\"Stacked bar charts showing majorities of Americans say marches that don\u2019t disrupt everyday life and boycotts are acceptable ways to protest racial inequality\" class=\"wp-image-46690 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We also asked Americans about their views on some activities aimed at protesting racial inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Majorities say the following are <em>always or often acceptable<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Marches or demonstrations that don\u2019t disrupt everyday life (70%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boycotts, or refusing to buy goods or use services from certain businesses (59%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In turn, most see these activities as <em>rarely or never acceptable<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Actions that result in damage to public or private property (85%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Activities that disrupt everyday life (65%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On some of these, the shares saying the activity is acceptable differ by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Race and ethnicity:<\/strong> Black Americans are more likely than White, Hispanic and Asian Americans to say sit-ins and activities that disrupt everyday life are always or often acceptable. Black, Asian and Hispanic Americans are more likely than White Americans to say the same about actions that cause damage to public or private property, even though small shares of each group say this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>By age: <\/strong>Adults ages 18 to 29 are more likely than those 30 and older to see most types of protests, including those that result in property damage, as always or often acceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>By partisanship:<\/strong> Democrats are more likely than Republicans to say each of these forms of protest is always or often acceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">People who say efforts to ensure racial equality <em>haven\u2019t gone far enough<\/em> are more likely than those who say these efforts <em>have been about right<\/em> or <em>have gone too far<\/em> to say most of these protest activities are always or often acceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide is-resized\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-46694\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/st_2023-08-10_mlk-legacy_3-04-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d7e1de\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?resize=480,458 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?resize=782,745 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?resize=960,915 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?resize=1200,1144 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?resize=1280,1220 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_3-04.png?w=640\" alt=\"Bar charts showing shares saying certain types of protest against racial inequality are always or often acceptable differ by race, ethnicity, age and partisanship\" class=\"wp-image-46694 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d7e1de; width:640px;height:610px\" width=\"640\" height=\"610\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We asked people who say efforts to ensure equal rights haven\u2019t gone far enough how much they think each of the following needs to change to ensure equality for all people, regardless of race and ethnicity: Within that group of respondents, majorities of 80% or more say each of these requires at least major changes, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":670,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0},"categories":[149,101,417,141],"tags":[],"bylines":[947],"datasets":[2422],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[512,515],"research-teams":[523,519],"workflow-status":[],"collection":[],"class_list":["post-38464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-black-americans","category-discrimination-prejudice","category-partisanship-issues","category-racial-bias-discrimination","bylines-juliana-menasce-horowitz","datasets-american-trends-panel-wave-126","formats-report","regions-countries-north-america","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-race-and-ethnicity","research-teams-social-trends"],"label":false,"post_parent":38456,"word_count":512,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":46677,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_featured.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_featured.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"Martin Luther King Jr. waves to civil rights supporters in Washington, D.C., during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, where King delivered his \"I Have a Dream\" speech on Aug. 28, 1963. 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(AFP via Getty Images)","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":38456,"title":"Martin Luther King Jr.\u2019s Legacy 60 Years After the March on Washington","slug":"martin-luther-king-jr-s-legacy-60-years-after-the-march-on-washington","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/martin-luther-king-jr-s-legacy-60-years-after-the-march-on-washington\/","is_active":false},{"id":38477,"title":"1. How Americans see the legacy of Martin Luther King Jr.","slug":"how-americans-see-the-legacy-of-martin-luther-king-jr","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/how-americans-see-the-legacy-of-martin-luther-king-jr\/","is_active":false},{"id":38470,"title":"2. Views of the country\u2019s progress on racial equality","slug":"views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality\/","is_active":false},{"id":38464,"title":"3. Achieving racial equality","slug":"achieving-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/","is_active":true},{"id":38487,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"mlk-legacy-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/mlk-legacy-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":38496,"title":"Methodology","slug":"mlk-legacy-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/mlk-legacy-methodology\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"_6h14eetxj","type":"report","attachmentId":46670,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_REPORT.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"key":"_5c51tv5it","type":"topline","attachmentId":46669,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/08\/ST_2023.08.10_MLK-Legacy_Topline.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"type":"dataset","id":2422,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 126","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-126\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":38464,"title":"3. Achieving racial equality","slug":"achieving-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/","is_active":true,"page_num":4},"next_post":{"id":38487,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"mlk-legacy-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/mlk-legacy-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},"previous_post":{"id":38470,"title":"2. Views of the country\u2019s progress on racial equality","slug":"views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},"pagination_items":[{"id":38456,"title":"Martin Luther King Jr.\u2019s Legacy 60 Years After the March on Washington","slug":"martin-luther-king-jr-s-legacy-60-years-after-the-march-on-washington","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/martin-luther-king-jr-s-legacy-60-years-after-the-march-on-washington\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":38477,"title":"1. How Americans see the legacy of Martin Luther King Jr.","slug":"how-americans-see-the-legacy-of-martin-luther-king-jr","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/how-americans-see-the-legacy-of-martin-luther-king-jr\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":38470,"title":"2. Views of the country\u2019s progress on racial equality","slug":"views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/views-of-the-countrys-progress-on-racial-equality\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":38464,"title":"3. Achieving racial equality","slug":"achieving-racial-equality","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/achieving-racial-equality\/","is_active":true,"page_num":4},{"id":38487,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"mlk-legacy-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/08\/10\/mlk-legacy-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":38496,"title":"Methodology","slug":"mlk-legacy-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2023\/08\/10\/mlk-legacy-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"Martin Luther King Jr.\u2019s Legacy 60 Years After the March on Washington","parent_id":38456},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Americans' views on achieving racial equality","description":"We asked people who say efforts to ensure equal rights haven\u2019t gone far enough how much they think each of the following needs to change to ensure equality for all&hellip;","og_title":"3. 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