{"id":29252,"date":"2017-10-12T09:40:46","date_gmt":"2017-10-12T14:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/"},"modified":"2024-04-14T04:11:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T09:11:27","slug":"u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/","title":{"rendered":"U.S. Resettles Fewer Refugees, Even as Global Number of Displaced People Grows"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure><figure id=\"attachment_39132\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39132\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-photo size-full wp-image-39132\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/GMD_17.03.01_Refugee_Featured-Image.jpg\" alt=\"Mohammad Mobin smiles on Feb. 1 after greeting his sister's family, who had arrived as refugees from Afghanistan at an air base near Omaha, Nebraska. (Megan Farmer\/Omaha World-Herald via AP)\" width=\"640\" height=\"320\" data-attachid=\"39132\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39132\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohammad Mobin smiles on Feb. 1 after greeting his sister&#8217;s family, who had arrived as refugees from Afghanistan at an air base near Omaha, Nebraska. (Megan Farmer\/Omaha World-Herald via AP)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The U.S. has resettled more refugees than any other country \u2013 about 3 million since 1980. Generally, in years when more people around the globe <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2016\/08\/03\/nearly-1-in-100-worldwide-are-now-displaced-from-their-homes\/\">are displaced<\/a> by conflict, violence or persecution in their countries, the number of refugees resettled by the U.S. has increased. But in the last few years, the number of refugees annually resettled by the U.S. has not consistently grown in step with a worldwide refugee population that has expanded nearly 50% since 2013, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of <a href=\"http:\/\/popstats.unhcr.org\/en\/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees<\/a> (UNHCR) and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wrapsnet.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. State Department<\/a> data.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-01\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39146\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39146\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-01.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39146\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Across the globe in 2016, there were about 17.2 million people displaced from their homes due to conflict or persecution across international borders, according to UNHCR.[1. The global number of refugees does not include the 5.3 million registered Palestinian refugees served by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unrwa.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UNRWA<\/a>.] That is a new global high point that rivals the early 1990s, following the fall of the Berlin Wall. On average, between 1982 and 2016, the U.S. resettled about 0.6% of the globe\u2019s total refugee population each year.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each year, UNHCR identifies a portion of all officially recognized refugees as candidates for resettlement in the U.S. or other countries. In recent years, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/575836267\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">about 1 million<\/a> individuals per year have been identified for resettlement. Of this number, only a fraction of refugees are typically resettled. In 2016, for example, out of approximately 1 million eligible refugees identified by UNHCR, an estimated 189,000 were resettled worldwide, with more than half (51%) of these ending up in the United States. Between 1982 and 2016, the U.S. admitted more than two-thirds (69%) of the world\u2019s resettled refugees, followed by Canada (14%) and Australia (11%).[2. According to UNHCR data, countries resettling 100 or more refugees in 2016 included: United States, Canada, Australia, the UK, Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, Ireland, New Zealand, Denmark, Spain and Austria.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For several decades, the annual volume of U.S. refugee arrivals has generally waxed and waned with the world\u2019s overall refugee population.[3. \u201cResettled,\u201d \u201centered\u201d and \u201cadmitted\u201d are terms used interchangeably in this report to describe the refugee resettlement process. Refugees in the U.S. are processed differently than the hundreds of thousands of asylum seekers that recently <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2016\/08\/02\/number-of-refugees-to-europe-surges-to-record-1-3-million-in-2015\/\">migrated to Europe<\/a>. Europe\u2019s asylum seekers migrated first and most are <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/09\/20\/a-million-asylum-seekers-await-word-on-whether-they-can-call-europe-home\/\">waiting for their refugee status<\/a> to be decided. By contrast, U.S. refugees are processed outside of the U.S. before entering the country. See report section, <a href=\"#resettlement-program\">&#8220;How it works: The U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program.&#8221;<\/a>] For example, when the global number of refugees peaked in 1992 at 17.8 million, the number of refugees resettled by the U.S. also increased, reaching a high of about 132,000 that year.[4. As it can take up to two years for refugees to be processed through the U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program, there could be a delay in comparisons between U.S. refugee arrival trends and global refugee population trends.] And in the early-to-mid 2000s, as the number of displaced people worldwide fell to less than 10 million, the number of refugees entering the U.S. also decreased, falling to an average of about 50,000 or less annually. This decline reflected a global decrease in the number of displaced people, as well as post-9\/11 changes in the way the U.S. <a href=\"https:\/\/2001-2009.state.gov\/g\/prm\/rls\/fs\/2003\/23356.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vetted asylum seekers<\/a>. The U.S. administration in 2017 is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/09\/22\/us\/politics\/trump-travel-ban-replacement-restrictions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">again reviewing<\/a> security screening procedures for all immigrant admissions, including refugees.[5. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2017\/09\/24\/politics\/trump-travel-restrictions\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New travel restrictions<\/a> for immigrants and non-immigrants for selected countries will begin Oct. 18, 2017.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After holding fairly steady between 2012 and 2015, the annual number of refugees resettled in the U.S. jumped to 97,000 in 2016, according to <a href=\"http:\/\/popstats.unhcr.org\/en\/resettlement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UNHCR data<\/a>. In part, this was the Obama administration\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/post-politics\/wp\/2016\/09\/14\/white-house-plans-to-accept-at-least-110000-refugees-in-2017\/?utm_term=.cebdbd448189\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">response<\/a> to a dramatic increase in the global number of displaced people due to conflicts in Syria, Iraq and sub-Saharan Africa. Even with the 2016 increase, however, the number of refugees resettled in the U.S. during the latter years under President Barack Obama was lower than in previous times of high refugee resettlement in the U.S. and did not keep pace with the world\u2019s refugee population. Annual admissions from 2014 onward would have had to exceed well over 100,000 refugees to emulate past American responses to refugee surges, such as in the early 1990s.<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus far in 2017, about 28,000 refugees have been resettled in the U.S., far less than in 2016, according to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wrapsnet.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. State Department data<\/a>. If the number of refugees worldwide remains the same as in 2016 and if few refugees enter the U.S. for the rest of 2017, the U.S. is on track to accept just 0.2% of the world\u2019s refugee population \u2013 far less than the historic average of 0.6%, and lower even than the share admitted in 2001 and 2002, in the wake of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each year, the president\u2019s administration sets the ceiling for how many refugees are resettled in the United States. In fiscal 2017, the Trump administration used an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2017\/03\/09\/2017-04837\/protecting-the-nation-from-foreign-terrorist-entry-into-the-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order<\/a> to reduce the number of refugee admissions previously set by the outgoing Obama White House to be\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/post-politics\/wp\/2016\/09\/14\/white-house-plans-to-accept-at-least-110000-refugees-in-2017\/?utm_term=.cc24f3dd7e15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">less than half the initial ceiling<\/a>.[6. In June, the Supreme Court ruled that the Trump administration\u2019s executive order of 50,000 refugee arrivals for fiscal 2017 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/opinions\/16pdf\/16-1436_l6hc.pdf\">could be upheld<\/a>, except where refugees have a bona fide relationship with an individual in the U.S. The 50,000 refugee ceiling was reached in July 2017.] Looking ahead to fiscal 2018, the Trump administration has proposed a refugee resettlement ceiling of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/09\/26\/us\/politics\/trump-plans-45000-limit-on-refugees-admitted-to-us.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">45,000 to Congress<\/a>. The White House has also asked Congress for lower annual admissions of refugees as part of their <a href=\"http:\/\/i2.cdn.turner.com\/cnn\/2017\/images\/10\/08\/final.immigration.priorities.10.08.17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">immigration principles<\/a> for immigration legislation.\n<a name=\"resettlement-program\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"how-it-works-the-u-s-refugee-resettlement-program\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How it works: The U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program<\/h4>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/?attachment_id=39147\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39147\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e7e2d3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e7e2d3;\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" class=\"wp-image-39147 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-02.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39147\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All refugees are processed and approved outside of the United States. Refugee applicants are referred to U.S. officials by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees<\/a> (UNHCR), U.S. embassies and nongovernmental organizations. Applications are screened by the State Department, the Department of Homeland Security\u2019s U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and other federal agencies for any <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asked-refugees-vetted-today\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">security concerns<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many refugees are not processed in their countries of citizenship. They are often waiting for resettlement in a nearby country where they have taken temporary refuge, sometimes for several years. While awaiting resettlement, refugees undergo health screenings and cultural orientations before entering the U.S. It is a process that can take between 18 and 24 months to complete. (For a more detailed explanation of the application and approval process, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/j\/prm\/ra\/admissions\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. State Department\u2019s website<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The International Organization for Migration and U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement work with U.S. based <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/orr\/resource\/voluntary-agencies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">voluntary agencies<\/a> like the International Rescue Committee or Church World Service to resettle refugees within the U.S. These voluntary agencies have offices across the nation, dispersing refugees across many states. Once resettled, local nonprofits, such as ethnic associations and church-based groups, help refugees learn English and acquire job skills. After several months, financial assistance from federal agencies stops and refugees are expected to become financially self-sufficient. In a short period of time, most refugee households have <a href=\"http:\/\/www.migrationpolicy.org\/research\/integration-outcomes-us-refugees-successes-and-challenges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">employed members<\/a>. U.S. refugees are granted permanent residency within a year of arrival and can apply for U.S. citizenship five years later.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Worldwide, the U.S. has formally resettled <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-us\/resettlement-in-the-united-states.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more refugees<\/a> than any other country, according to UNHCR. Refugee arrivals do not include asylum seekers already living in the U.S. or those appearing at the U.S. border claiming asylum, such as the thousands of <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2016\/05\/04\/u-s-border-apprehensions-of-families-and-unaccompanied-children-jump-dramatically\/\">unaccompanied minors from Central America<\/a> who have entered the U.S. in recent years. Compared with those seeking refuge on Europe\u2019s shores, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/orr\/resource\/the-us-refugee-resettlement-program-an-overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program<\/a> is a different pathway for those fleeing conflict. For example, the more than <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2016\/08\/02\/number-of-refugees-to-europe-surges-to-record-1-3-million-in-2015\/\">1.3 million refugees<\/a> entering Europe in 2015 were asylum seekers, not resettled refugees. They sought refuge in Europe on their own after arriving in Europe and were not formally resettled by European countries. They will <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/09\/20\/a-million-asylum-seekers-await-word-on-whether-they-can-call-europe-home\/\">wait for decisions<\/a> on their asylum applications while living in Europe.<\/p>\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;profile-of-u-s-refugee-arrivals-changes-and-trends&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"profile-of-u-s-refugee-arrivals-changes-and-trends\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a name=\"_Toc495417118\"><\/a>Profile of U.S. refugee arrivals: Changes and trends<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: Data analyses from this point forward in the report are for fiscal years (Oct. 1 to Sept. 30)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"nationality-of-u-s-refugees-middle-east-and-africa-are-on-the-rise\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nationality of U.S. refugees: Middle East and Africa are on the rise<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The nationalities of refugees resettled in the U.S. have changed over the past decade and a half, with an increasing number from Middle Eastern and African countries. In fiscal 2002 \u2013 the earliest year for which we have detailed data on U.S. refugee arrivals \u2013 17% of refugees entering the U.S. (nearly 5,000) were from Middle Eastern and African countries. By fiscal 2017, that share had grown to more than two- thirds (68%, or slightly more than 36,000) of U.S. refugee arrivals, reflecting a similar rise of the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2016\/10\/18\/middle-easts-migrant-population-more-than-doubles-since-2005\/\">number of refugees from these parts of the world<\/a> in the global refugee population.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-03\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39148\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39148\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-03.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39148\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By contrast, Europe used to be the primary region of nationality for resettled refugees during the early 2000s. In fiscal 2002, for example, more than half (54% or nearly 15,000) of refugees admitted into the U.S. were citizens of European countries. That share, however, dropped to 9% of refugee arrivals, or about 5,000 refugees, in fiscal 2017.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-04\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39149\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39149\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-04.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39149\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Starting in fiscal 2006, refugees from the Asia-Pacific region also saw their numbers and share increase for several years. Between 2008 and 2012, for example, more than four-in-ten refugees entering the U.S. each year were from Asian countries, with most from Burma (Myanmar) and Bhutan, countries the U.S. prioritized for several years in its <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-us\/news\/latest\/2014\/1\/52e90f8f6\/wraps-group-resettlement-myanmar-refugees-thailand.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">refugee resettlement policies<\/a>. Refugees from these two countries continue to enter the U.S., but in the past couple of years they have done so in lower numbers.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Between fiscal 2002 and 2017, 55% of refugees entering the U.S. came from Burma (Myanmar), Iraq, Somalia or Bhutan.[7. Nationalities of refugees are not always the same countries they are living in when they apply for refugee resettlement. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-us\/resettlement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Most are living temporarily<\/a> in neighboring countries after taking refugee from conflict in their own country.] More than 169,000 refugees since fiscal 2002 have come to the U.S. from Burma (Myanmar) \u2013 more than any other country. Some 144,000 have come from Iraq, while nearly 104,000 have been Somalis. Almost 94,000 Bhutanese refugees have entered the U.S. since 2002.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although more than 21,000 Syrian refugees have entered the U.S. since 2002, they do not appear in the top 10 nationalities of U.S. refugees. Most did not enter the U.S. until fiscal 2016 and 2017.<\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"religious-affiliation-of-u-s-refugees-growing-number-of-muslims\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Religious affiliation of U.S. refugees: Growing number of Muslims<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As nationalities of refugees have changed, so too have religious affiliations. Between fiscal 2011 and 2016, a rising number of refugees have been Muslim, reflecting the increasing number of refugees from Muslim-majority countries admitted to the United States. In 2016, a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2016\/10\/05\/u-s-admits-record-number-of-muslim-refugees-in-2016\/\">record number of Muslim refugees<\/a> were admitted to the U.S.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the same time, Christians continue to make up a large share of the refugees admitted to the United States. In fiscal 2017, for example, a plurality of refugee arrivals were Christian (47%), with Muslims (43%) representing the second largest religious group.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-05\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39150\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eeece9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eeece9;\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" class=\"wp-image-39150 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-05.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39150\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In recent years, the share of refugees entering the U.S. who are affiliated with religions other than Christianity and Islam has declined. But from 2009 to 2012, between about a quarter and a third of refugees entering each year were adherents of other religions, including several thousand Hindus (mostly from Bhutan) and Buddhists (mostly from Burma and Bhutan).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Refugees with no religious affiliation were 5% of all refugees admitted to the U.S. in fiscal 2002. Since then, the share of refugees with no religious affiliation has decreased, amounting to less than 1% of refugees entering the U.S. during fiscal 2017.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-06\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39151\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39151\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-06.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39151\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even with the recent rise in the number of Muslim refugees, far more Christian than Muslim refugees have been admitted into the U.S. since fiscal 2002. Nearly 425,000 Christian refugees entered the U.S. over that period, accounting for 46% of all refugee arrivals. At the same time, about a third (33%) of all refugees admitted to the U.S. between 2002 and 2017, or slightly more than 302,000, were Muslim.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some 169,000 refugees belonging to other religions entered the U.S. during the same time period, with about 55,000 claiming Hindu religious identity (mostly from Bhutan) and about 50,000 additional refugees claiming Buddhist religious identity (mostly from Burma and Bhutan).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More than 20,000 refugees with no religious affiliation have entered the U.S. between fiscal 2002 and 2017, mostly from Cuba and Vietnam.<\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"language-of-u-s-refugees-arabic-is-now-the-most-spoken-language-among-newly-admitted-refugees\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Language of U.S. refugees: Arabic is now the most spoken language among newly admitted refugees<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the rise of U.S. refugee arrivals from Middle Eastern and African countries, Arabic has become the most spoken language of incoming refugees. In fiscal 2017, nearly a quarter of refugees entering the U.S. (23%, or more than 12,000 people) spoke Arabic; most of them came from Syria and Iraq.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the number of Arabic-speaking refugee arrivals has grown in recent years, no other single language has accounted for as high a number of total refugee admissions into the U.S. since 2002.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-07\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39152\"><img data-dominant-color=\"edecea\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #edecea;\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" class=\"wp-image-39152 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-07.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39152\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In all, more than 143,000 refugees entering the U.S. between 2002 and 2017 spoke Arabic.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rise of Arabic as a leading language of U.S. refugees was preceded by high shares of refugees speaking Somali. In 2004 through 2006, Somali was the leading language of refugees entering the U.S. Overall, between 2002 and 2017, more than 95,000 Somali-speaking refugees entered the U.S.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2007, Karen, a language spoken by most refugees from Burma (Myanmar), was the top language of refugees. In total, more than 73,000 refugees entered the U.S. between 2002 and 2017 speaking various Karen dialects.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fiscal 2011 and 2012, the top language became Nepali, the majority language of refugees from Bhutan. In all, more than 94,000 Nepali-speaking refugees entered the U.S. between 2002 and 2017.<\/p>\n\n<h4 id=\"demographics-of-u-s-refugees-plurality-have-been-children-and-adolescents-more-have-been-male-than-female\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Demographics of U.S. refugees: Plurality have been children and adolescents, more have been male than female<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For most years between 2002 and 2017, the annual share of refugees entering the U.S. ages 20 or younger was between about 40% and 50% of all refugees. Given this age profile, local schools can play a significant role in how younger refugees learn English and acclimate to U.S. society.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Roughly a third of refugees entering the U.S. annually between 2002 and 2017 were younger adults, ages 21 through 40. About another 20% of admitted refugees each year were 41 years or older.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-08\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39153\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39153\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-08.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39153\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Data on the age composition of the global refugee population is incomplete, but estimates suggest that the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/globaltrends2016\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">majority of refugees worldwide are children and adolescents<\/a> below the age of 18. Consequently, a high share of children and adolescent refugees entering the U.S. each year is consistent with the makeup of refugees worldwide.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Between 2003 and 2016, men have made up more than half of refugees entering the U.S. each year, with the male share peaking at 54% in 2013.[8. A slightly higher number of female than male refugees entered in 2002.] Refugees <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/globaltrends2016\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">worldwide<\/a> also lean more male than female. By fiscal 2017, however, men and women made up nearly equal shares of refugees entering the United States.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-09\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39154\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39154\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-09.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39154\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<h4 id=\"destinations-of-u-s-refugees-a-handful-of-states-accept-most-refugees\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Destinations of U.S. refugees: A handful of states accept most refugees<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/orr\/resource\/voluntary-agencies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">refugee resettlement organizations<\/a> scattered throughout the country, U.S. refugees have been resettled in almost every state. Even so, just a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2016\/12\/06\/just-10-states-resettled-more-than-half-of-recent-refugees-to-u-s\/\">handful of states<\/a> have accepted the majority of U.S. refugees.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-10\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39155\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39155\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-10.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39155\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The three most populated U.S. states \u2013 California, Texas and New York \u2013 have taken in more than a quarter (27%) of refugees entering the U.S. since 2002. Other top states for total refugee resettlement between fiscal 2002 and 2017 include Florida (more than 47,000), Washington (nearly 42,000) and Minnesota (more than 41,000). In all, more than half (57%) of refugees entering the U.S. since 2002 have settled in the top 10 states for refugee resettlement.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regionally, more than a quarter of refugees entering the U.S. between fiscal 2002 and 2017 were resettled in each of the following regions: Southern states (including top states Texas and Florida), Western states (including top states California and Washington), and Midwestern states (including top states Minnesota and Michigan). The remainder of refugees (16%) entering the U.S. between 2002 and 2017 were resettled in Northeastern states (including top states New York and Pennsylvania).[9. Refugees do not always remain in their first state of resettlement. Once their adjustment funding ends (usually between three and six months), some move to different states.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Southern states have seen the most notable increase in the <em>annual<\/em> share of resettled refugees in the United States.[10. The Southern region includes the largest number of states, 17 in all, ranging as far north as Delaware and as far west as Texas.] About 15 years ago, about a quarter of all refugees were resettled in Southern states each year. But the share grew to become 32% of all resettled refugees in fiscal 2015 and 29% in fiscal 2017.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a class=\"image-box\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/pg_2017-10-12_us-refugees_0-11\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39156\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-39156\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/PG_2017.10.12_US-Refugees_0-11.png\" alt=\"\" data-attachid=\"39156\"><\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the last few years, the number of refugees annually resettled by the U.S. has not consistently grown in step with a worldwide refugee population that has expanded nearly 50% since 2013.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":383,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","sub_headline":"Break with past responses to global refugee surges","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","prc_watchers":[],"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[{"key":"8446a5df-b324-4be0-a1ed-7426c420efa6","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/Pew-Research-Center_U.S.-Refugees-Report_2017.10.12.pdf"},{"key":"7083cd5b-d339-436d-b53c-a839ac6d9746","type":"promo","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/interactives\/where-have-refugees-settled-in-the-u-s\/","label":"Where have refugees settled in the 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Resettles Fewer Refugees, Even as Global Number of Displaced People Grows","slug":"u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/u-s-resettles-fewer-refugees-even-as-global-number-of-displaced-people-grows\/","is_active":true},{"id":29241,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/acknowledgments-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29232,"title":"Methodology","slug":"methodology-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/methodology-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29221,"title":"Appendix A: References","slug":"appendix-a-references-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/appendix-a-references-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29211,"title":"Appendix B: Detailed data tables","slug":"appendix-b-detailed-data-tables-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/appendix-b-detailed-data-tables-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29194,"title":"Appendix C: Countries by regional classification","slug":"appendix-c-countries-by-regional-classification-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/appendix-c-countries-by-regional-classification-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29184,"title":"Appendix D: Detailed religious affiliation by broader religious affiliation","slug":"appendix-d-detailed-religious-affiliation-by-broader-religious-affiliation-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/appendix-d-detailed-religious-affiliation-by-broader-religious-affiliation-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false},{"id":29172,"title":"Appendix E: Detailed languages by broader language group","slug":"appendix-e-detailed-languages-by-broader-language-group-u-s-refugees","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/10\/12\/appendix-e-detailed-languages-by-broader-language-group-u-s-refugees\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"8446a5df-b324-4be0-a1ed-7426c420efa6","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/10\/Pew-Research-Center_U.S.-Refugees-Report_2017.10.12.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"key":"7083cd5b-d339-436d-b53c-a839ac6d9746","type":"promo","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/interactives\/where-have-refugees-settled-in-the-u-s\/","label":"Where have refugees settled in the 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