{"id":28955,"date":"2018-07-12T09:31:38","date_gmt":"2018-07-12T14:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/"},"modified":"2024-09-10T17:19:07","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T21:19:07","slug":"people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/","title":{"rendered":"6. People who hold populist views are less likely to see EU membership bringing economic benefits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A majority of Western Europeans in the eight countries surveyed say membership in the European Union has been a good thing for their nation\u2019s economy. Despite these views, majorities say some EU powers should be returned to national governments.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Those on the left tend to be relatively more pro-EU than those on the right.[9. numoffset=&#8221;9&#8243; Respondents were asked to place themselves on a left-right political ideology scale from 0 to 6, where zero indicates the far left and six indicates the far right. People who answer 0, 1 or 2 on this scale are categorized as being on the left; people who answer 3 are categorized as being in the center; and people who answer 4, 5 or 6 are categorized as being on the right. See <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-a-defining-the-groups\">Appendix A<\/a> for details on classification.] People with populist views have less positive attitudes about the institution\u2019s economic benefits, and more of a desire for some EU powers to be returned.<\/p>\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;most-western-europeans-say-eu-membership-has-economic-benefits&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"most-western-europeans-say-eu-membership-has-economic-benefits\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Most Western Europeans say EU membership has economic benefits<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/pg_2018-07-12_westerneuropepolitics-6-01\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41468\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41468\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/PG_2018.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics-6-01.png\" alt=\"Chart showing that majorities in all countries but Italy say EU membership has been good for the economy.\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Majorities in every country but Italy say EU membership has benefited their country economically. This sentiment is most widespread in Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Spain, where about seven-in-ten or more see EU membership as a good thing.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Italians are split on how EU membership has affected their country: 46% say membership has been good for the economy, while 48% say it has been bad. And nearly one-third (32%) say they <em>strongly<\/em> feel EU membership has harmed the Italian economy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In every country surveyed, people who hold populist views are less likely than those in the mainstream to say EU membership has positively impacted their nation\u2019s economy. In half of the countries, Left Populists and Right Populists feel similarly about the institution \u2013 despite significant differences among their countries\u2019 Left and Right Mainstream. For example, in the Netherlands, just 52% of Right Populists say the EU has been good for their economy, as do 55% of Left Populists and 59% of Center Populists. Among the mainstream in the Netherlands, much larger majorities see EU membership as an economic positive: 86% of the Left Mainstream, 81% of the Center Mainstream and 75% of the Right Mainstream say EU membership has benefited their national economy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most countries \u2013 France, Italy, the UK, the Netherlands and Germany \u2013 people on the left are more likely than those on the right to see EU membership as a good thing for the economy. For example, in Italy and the UK, Left Mainstream respondents are 22 percentage points more likely than the Right Mainstream to say EU membership has helped their economy. In Spain, however, the left-right pattern is reversed: For example, the Right Mainstream group (78%) is somewhat more likely than the Left Mainstream (70%) to see EU membership as an economic positive.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/pg_2018-07-12_westerneuropepolitics-6-02\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41469\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41469\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/PG_2018.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics-6-02.png\" alt=\"Charts showing that those with populist views are less likely to say EU has been good for the country\u2019s economy.\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;most-want-some-eu-powers-returned-to-national-governments&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" id=\"most-want-some-eu-powers-returned-to-national-governments\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Most want some EU powers returned to national governments<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/pg_2018-07-12_westerneuropepolitics-6-03\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41470\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41470\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/PG_2018.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics-6-03.png\" alt=\"Chart showing that most Western Europeans want EU powers returned to national governments.\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite widespread belief in most countries that the EU has benefited national economies, roughly half or more in all countries surveyed say they want some EU powers returned to national governments. Even in Denmark and the Netherlands \u2013 countries where broad majorities see economic benefits from the institution \u2013 roughly two-thirds say some EU powers should be returned.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The desire for returning EU powers to individual countries is most widespread in the UK, where the national government is currently negotiating an <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2017\/06\/01\/british-divided-on-brexit-impact-as-new-elections-loom\/\">exit from the EU<\/a>. Nearly three-quarters of Brits (73%) say they want to see some powers returned. Germans and Spaniards are the least likely to favor this type of change (53% and 49%, respectively).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">People who hold populist views are more likely than those in the mainstream to want more national sovereignty in seven of the eight countries surveyed. For example, in France, 68% of Left Populists support EU powers being returned to national governments, compared with 54% of the Left Mainstream; on the right, 76% of Right Populists say the same, versus 61% of the Right Mainstream. The one exception to this pattern is the UK, where populists and mainstream respondents largely agree on this issue.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ideology also plays a role in how people view the division of powers between the EU and national governments. Across five of the eight countries, those on the ideological right are significantly more likely than those on the left to think that powers should be returned to national governments. For example, British Right Mainstream respondents (82%) are more likely than the Left Mainstream (59%) to want powers returned to their national government.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The three countries where those on the right are not more likely than those on the left to support the return of powers to national governments are France, Spain and Sweden. In France and Sweden, those on both sides of the ideological spectrum largely agree on the issue, while in Spain, the left is more likely than the right to want powers returned. For example, Spain\u2019s Left Mainstream (56%) are more likely than those in the Right Mainstream (40%) to think some EU powers should be returned.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/pg_2018-07-12_westerneuropepolitics-6-04\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41471\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f0f0f0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f0f0f0;\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 617px) 100vw, 617px\" class=\"wp-image-41471 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/PG_2018.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics-6-04.png\" alt=\"Charts showing that populist groups are somewhat more likely to want EU powers returned to national governments.\"><\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A majority of Western Europeans in the eight countries surveyed say membership in the European Union has been a good thing for their nation\u2019s economy. Despite these views, majorities say some EU powers should be returned to national governments. Those on the left tend to be relatively more pro-EU than those on the right.[9. numoffset=&#8221;9&#8243; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":108,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","bylines":[{"key":"e0b22c251cb5fa2998ffdfd1950ff4bf","termId":841},{"key":"5bd834fffbc39e752b70de850760ca10","termId":954},{"key":"92608bcb5be386c1796204776e144257","termId":868},{"key":"c606c8fe923eb3954a7e40e61760b2c7","termId":937}],"acknowledgements":[],"displayBylines":true,"prc_watchers":[],"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"bylines":[868,841,954,937],"collection":[],"datasets":[1025],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[516,514],"research-teams":[525],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-28955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","bylines-courtney-johnson","bylines-katie-simmons","bylines-laura-silver","bylines-richard-wike","datasets-fall-2017-media-and-politics-in-western-europe-survey-data","formats-report","mode-of-analysis-survey","regions-countries-europe-russia","regions-countries-international","research-teams-global"],"label":false,"post_parent":29004,"word_count":799,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=640&h=320&crop=1","width":640,"height":320,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":"37628","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2018\/07\/PG_18.07.12_WesternEuropePolitics_Featured-Image.jpg?w=640&h=320&crop=1","width":640,"height":320,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":29004,"title":"In Western Europe, Populist Parties Tap Anti-Establishment Frustration but Have Little Appeal Across Ideological Divide","slug":"in-western-europe-populist-parties-tap-anti-establishment-frustration-but-have-little-appeal-across-ideological-divide","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/in-western-europe-populist-parties-tap-anti-establishment-frustration-but-have-little-appeal-across-ideological-divide\/","is_active":false},{"id":28994,"title":"1. Mapping the political space in Western Europe","slug":"mapping-the-political-space-in-western-europe","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/mapping-the-political-space-in-western-europe\/","is_active":false},{"id":28987,"title":"2. On economic policy, Western European public opinion deeply divided along traditional ideological lines","slug":"on-economic-policy-western-europe-public-opinion-deeply-divided-along-traditional-ideological-lines","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/on-economic-policy-western-europe-public-opinion-deeply-divided-along-traditional-ideological-lines\/","is_active":false},{"id":28977,"title":"3. Ideological right more traditional on social issues","slug":"ideological-right-more-traditional-on-social-issues","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/ideological-right-more-traditional-on-social-issues\/","is_active":false},{"id":28929,"title":"4. Stark left-right divides on attitudes about immigration","slug":"stark-left-right-divides-on-attitudes-about-immigration","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/stark-left-right-divides-on-attitudes-about-immigration\/","is_active":false},{"id":28967,"title":"5. Populist groups across the ideological spectrum have low trust in institutions","slug":"populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions\/","is_active":false},{"id":28955,"title":"6. People who hold populist views are less likely to see EU membership bringing economic benefits","slug":"people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/","is_active":true},{"id":28943,"title":"7. Left-right ideology influences political party support across Western Europe more than populist views","slug":"left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views\/","is_active":false},{"id":28868,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":28857,"title":"Methodology","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-methodology\/","is_active":false},{"id":28914,"title":"Appendix A: Defining the groups","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-a-defining-the-groups","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-a-defining-the-groups\/","is_active":false},{"id":28881,"title":"Appendix B: Classifying the parties","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-b-classifying-the-parties","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-b-classifying-the-parties\/","is_active":false},{"id":28900,"title":"Appendix C: References","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-c-references","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-c-references\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"efb2c6b6-9025-4f22-830e-e5a21ce7fc87","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Pew-Research-Center_Western-Europe-Political-Ideology-Report_2018-07-12.pdf"},{"key":"129cf83d-9dbc-455c-91a7-dc303ee45f0d","type":"topline","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Pew-Research-Center_Western-Europe-Politcal-Ideology_2018-07-12_Topline.pdf"},{"key":"_ziv9yeu4r","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2018\/09\/12\/how-traditional-and-populist-party-support-differs-across-western-europe\/","label":"Explore traditional and populist party support 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Nederlands)","icon":"report"},{"key":"32abe972-c354-4245-9636-a0eca2041f8a","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/09\/12\/en-europe-de-louest-les-partis-populistes-exploitent-le-sentiment-de-mecontentement-vis-a-vis-du-systeme-anti-establishment-mais-leur-attrait-au-dela-du-clivage-ide\/","label":"Summary of findings: (French | Fran\u00e7ais)","icon":"report"},{"key":"3c23eeb7-1a3a-453e-9019-7c38c7f44136","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/09\/12\/populistische-parteien-in-westeuropa-machen-sich-anti-establishment-frustgefuhle-zu-nutze-finden-aber-wenig-anklang-unter-vertretern-der-jeweils-anderen-ideologischen-uberzeugung\/","label":"Summary of findings: (German | Deutsch)","icon":"report"},{"key":"7ca648eb-d0f5-42f6-8c65-c456742c3e81","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/09\/12\/nelleuropa-occidentale-i-partiti-populisti-fanno-leva-sulla-frustrazione-anti-sistema-ma-hanno-unattrattiva-minima-nella-divisione-ideologica\/","label":"Summary of findings: (Italian | Italiano)","icon":"report"},{"key":"d93884e2-eb65-426a-ad14-acaabacbff6d","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/09\/12\/en-europa-occidental-los-partidos-populistas-aprovechan-la-frustracion-contra-la-clase-dirigente-pero-son-poco-atractivos-dentro-del-espectro-ideologico\/","label":"Summary of findings: (Spanish | Espa\u00f1ol)","icon":"report"},{"key":"dc884b04-c540-4114-9ca5-3cb299970eb1","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/09\/12\/i-vasteuropa-forsoker-populistiska-partier-utnyttja-frustrationen-mot-etablissemanget-men-de-har-inte-lockat-personer-pa-bada-sidor-om-den-ideologiska-klyftan\/","label":"Summary of findings: (Swedish | Svenska)","icon":"report"},{"key":"8f646f1a-18bb-44f3-9caa-5f1280c5eb67","type":"promo","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/fact-sheet\/news-media-and-political-attitudes-in-the-united-kingdom\/","label":"Country-specific data on news media and political 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People who hold populist views are less likely to see EU membership bringing economic benefits","slug":"people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},"next_post":{"id":28943,"title":"7. Left-right ideology influences political party support across Western Europe more than populist views","slug":"left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},"previous_post":{"id":28967,"title":"5. Populist groups across the ideological spectrum have low trust in institutions","slug":"populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},"pagination_items":[{"id":29004,"title":"In Western Europe, Populist Parties Tap Anti-Establishment Frustration but Have Little Appeal Across Ideological Divide","slug":"in-western-europe-populist-parties-tap-anti-establishment-frustration-but-have-little-appeal-across-ideological-divide","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/in-western-europe-populist-parties-tap-anti-establishment-frustration-but-have-little-appeal-across-ideological-divide\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":28994,"title":"1. Mapping the political space in Western Europe","slug":"mapping-the-political-space-in-western-europe","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/mapping-the-political-space-in-western-europe\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":28987,"title":"2. On economic policy, Western European public opinion deeply divided along traditional ideological lines","slug":"on-economic-policy-western-europe-public-opinion-deeply-divided-along-traditional-ideological-lines","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/on-economic-policy-western-europe-public-opinion-deeply-divided-along-traditional-ideological-lines\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":28977,"title":"3. Ideological right more traditional on social issues","slug":"ideological-right-more-traditional-on-social-issues","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/ideological-right-more-traditional-on-social-issues\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":28929,"title":"4. Stark left-right divides on attitudes about immigration","slug":"stark-left-right-divides-on-attitudes-about-immigration","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/stark-left-right-divides-on-attitudes-about-immigration\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":28967,"title":"5. Populist groups across the ideological spectrum have low trust in institutions","slug":"populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/populist-groups-across-the-ideological-spectrum-have-low-trust-in-institutions\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},{"id":28955,"title":"6. People who hold populist views are less likely to see EU membership bringing economic benefits","slug":"people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/people-who-hold-populist-views-are-less-likely-to-see-eu-membership-bringing-economic-benefits\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},{"id":28943,"title":"7. Left-right ideology influences political party support across Western Europe more than populist views","slug":"left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/left-right-ideology-influences-political-party-support-across-western-europe-more-than-populist-views\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},{"id":28868,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9},{"id":28857,"title":"Methodology","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":10},{"id":28914,"title":"Appendix A: Defining the groups","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-a-defining-the-groups","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-a-defining-the-groups\/","is_active":false,"page_num":11},{"id":28881,"title":"Appendix B: Classifying the parties","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-b-classifying-the-parties","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-b-classifying-the-parties\/","is_active":false,"page_num":12},{"id":28900,"title":"Appendix C: References","slug":"western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-c-references","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2018\/07\/12\/western-europe-political-ideology-appendix-c-references\/","is_active":false,"page_num":13}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"In Western Europe, Populist Parties Tap Anti-Establishment Frustration but Have Little Appeal Across 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