{"id":28560,"date":"2019-10-17T15:30:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-17T20:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/"},"modified":"2024-04-14T03:56:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T08:56:35","slug":"az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/","title":{"rendered":"Az eur\u00f3pai k\u00f6zv\u00e9lem\u00e9ny h\u00e1rom \u00e9vtizeddel a kommunizmus buk\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">(Ford\u00edt\u00e1s angolr\u00f3l)<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">WASHINGTON, D.C., (2019. okt\u00f3ber 15.) \u2013\u00a0A <\/span><span lang=\"HU\">Pew Research Center<\/span><span lang=\"HU\"> a kommunizmus buk\u00e1s\u00e1nak harmincadik \u00e9vfordul\u00f3j\u00e1n <\/span><span lang=\"HU\">k\u00e9sz\u00edtett <\/span><span lang=\"HU\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/15\/european-public-opinion-three-decades-after-the-fall-of-communism\/\">\u00faj felm\u00e9r\u00e9se<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"HU\"> meg\u00e1llap\u00edtja<\/span><span lang=\"HU\">, hogy a kor\u00e1bbi keleti blokk orsz\u00e1gaiban kev\u00e9s ember b\u00e1nja az 1989\u20131991. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e9gbement v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat, annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy nem teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben el\u00e9gedettek a jelenlegi politikai vagy gazdas\u00e1gi helyzet\u00fckkel sem. Hasonl\u00f3an a nyugati t\u00e1rsaikhoz, a k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s kelet-eur\u00f3pai polg\u00e1rok jelent\u0151s r\u00e9sze agg\u00f3dik orsz\u00e1ga politikai helyzete, az egyenl\u0151tlens\u00e9gek, \u00e9s egy\u00e9b hasonl\u00f3 probl\u00e9m\u00e1k miatt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">Az \u00faj felm\u00e9r\u00e9s 17 orsz\u00e1got vizsg\u00e1lt: 14 eur\u00f3pai uni\u00f3s tag\u00e1llamot a kor\u00e1bbi vasf\u00fcgg\u00f6ny mindk\u00e9t oldal\u00e1r\u00f3l, valamint Oroszorsz\u00e1got, Ukrajn\u00e1t \u00e9s az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokat. A felm\u00e9r\u00e9s sz\u00e1mos t\u00e9m\u00e1t \u00e9rint, k\u00f6zt\u00fck a t\u00f6bbp\u00e1rtrendszerre \u00e9s a szabadpiacra val\u00f3 \u00e1tt\u00e9r\u00e9st, a demokratikus \u00e9rt\u00e9kekr\u0151l, az EU-r\u00f3l, N\u00e9metorsz\u00e1g szerep\u00e9r\u0151l, az eur\u00f3pai politikai vezet\u0151kr\u0151l, az \u00e9lettel val\u00f3 el\u00e9gedetts\u00e9gr\u0151l, a gazdas\u00e1gi k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyekr\u0151l, a nemek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti egyenl\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l, a kisebbs\u00e9gi csoportokr\u00f3l \u00e9s a politikai p\u00e1rtokr\u00f3l alkotott v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyeket. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">A felm\u00e9r\u00e9s meg\u00e1llap\u00edtja, hogy a kor\u00e1bbi keleti blokk orsz\u00e1gaiban a megk\u00e9rdezettek t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge t\u00e1mogatja a demokratikus \u00e9rt\u00e9keket, \u00e9s \u00fagy v\u00e9li, hogy a tag\u00e1llamok profit\u00e1ltak az EU-tags\u00e1gb\u00f3l. Annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy a legt\u00f6bben \u00e1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gban ki\u00e1llnak a demokr\u00e1cia int\u00e9zm\u00e9nye mellett, az egyes demokratikus elvek ir\u00e1nti elk\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g m\u00e1r nem mindig ilyen er\u0151s. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">A t\u00f6bbp\u00e1rti demokr\u00e1cia \u00e9s a piacgazdas\u00e1g ki\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t, mely a kommunizmus \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n indult meg, a megk\u00e9rdezett k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s kelet-eur\u00f3paiak nagy r\u00e9sze ma is t\u00e1mogatja. Az ut\u00f3d\u00e1llamok k\u00f6r\u00e9ben ugyanakkor jelent\u0151s elt\u00e9r\u00e9sek mutatkoznak: m\u00edg a lengyelek 85%-a t\u00e1mogatja a demokr\u00e1cia \u00e9s a kapitalizmus fel\u00e9 t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt elmozdul\u00e1st, addig a bolg\u00e1rok \u00e9s az ukr\u00e1nok t\u00f6bb mint egyharmada elutas\u00edt\u00f3, csak\u00fagy, mint az oroszok k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl fele. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">A demokr\u00e1cia \u00e9s a szabadpiac elt\u00e9r\u0151 meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9se val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg az elm\u00falt h\u00e1rom \u00e9vtizedben el\u00e9rt t\u00e1rsadalmi fejl\u0151d\u00e9s elt\u00e9r\u0151 szintjeire vezethet\u0151 vissza. Azokban az orsz\u00e1gokban, mint Lengyelorsz\u00e1g, a Cseh K\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1g \u00e9s Litv\u00e1nia, ahol a legt\u00f6bben \u00fagy gondolj\u00e1k, hogy orsz\u00e1guk gazdas\u00e1gi helyzete ma jobb, mint a kommunizmus idej\u00e9n volt, az emberek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban pozit\u00edvan viszonyulnak ezekhez a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokhoz. Ugyanakkor Oroszorsz\u00e1gban, Ukrajn\u00e1ban \u00e9s Bulg\u00e1ri\u00e1ban kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 lelkesednek a kommunizmus \u00f3ta bek\u00f6vetkezett gazdas\u00e1gi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok\u00e9rt. A megk\u00e9rdezettek t\u00f6bb mint fele szerint a t\u00e1rsadalom t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00e9nek a helyzete most rosszabb, mint a kommunista \u00e9r\u00e1ban volt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">Arra a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sre, hogy orsz\u00e1guk k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 ter\u00fcleteken el\u0151rel\u00e9p\u00e9st \u00e9rt-e el az elm\u00falt h\u00e1rom \u00e9vtizedben, a k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s kelet-eur\u00f3paiak a legkedvez\u0151bbnek olyan ter\u00fcleteket jel\u00f6ltek meg, mint az oktat\u00e1s \u00e9s az \u00e9letsz\u00ednvonal. Azonban a v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyek megoszlanak a k\u00f6zrend \u00e9s a k\u00f6zbiztons\u00e1g, valamint a csal\u00e1di \u00e9rt\u00e9kek ter\u00e9n el\u00e9rt halad\u00e1sr\u00f3l, illetve a legt\u00f6bb ember szerint a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok negat\u00edv hat\u00e1ssal voltak az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyre.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">Ahogyan az egyes orsz\u00e1gok fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l alkotott n\u00e9zetek elt\u00e9rnek, ugyan\u00fagy a j\u00f6v\u0151r\u0151l alkotott v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyek is k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6znek. A felm\u00e9r\u00e9sben szerepl\u0151 egykori kommunista orsz\u00e1gokban az emberek viszonylag optimist\u00e1k a m\u00e1s eur\u00f3pai nemzetekkel kialak\u00edtott kapcsolatokat illet\u0151en, \u00e1m ink\u00e1bb pesszimist\u00e1k a politikai rendszer m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s olyan konkr\u00e9t gazdas\u00e1gi k\u00e9rd\u00e9sekkel kapcsolatban, mint a munkan\u00e9lk\u00fclis\u00e9g \u00e9s az egyenl\u0151tlens\u00e9g.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">A felm\u00e9r\u00e9st 18 979 ember r\u00e9szv\u00e9tel\u00e9vel v\u00e9gezt\u00e9k 2019. m\u00e1jus 13. \u00e9s augusztus 12. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A tanulm\u00e1ny a Pew Research Center \u00e9s el\u0151dje k\u00e9t kor\u00e1bbi felm\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9p\u00fcl. Az els\u0151t a Times Mirror Center v\u00e9gezte a People &amp; the Press (a Pew Research Center el\u0151dje) sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra 1991. \u00e1prilis 15. \u00e9s m\u00e1jus 31. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A m\u00e1sodik felm\u00e9r\u00e9st a Pew Research Center k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a berlini fal leoml\u00e1s\u00e1nak 20. \u00e9vfordul\u00f3ja el\u0151tt v\u00e9gezte, 2009. augusztus 27. \u00e9s szeptember 24. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">A jelent\u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi f\u0151 meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1sai:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Az EU tagorsz\u00e1gai nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l egys\u00e9gesen t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k az eur\u00f3pai projektet.<\/strong> Az EU meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9se nagyr\u00e9szt, de nem teljes k\u00f6r\u0171en pozit\u00edv: a megk\u00e9rdezettek t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge szerint a tags\u00e1g kedvez\u0151 hat\u00e1ssal volt orsz\u00e1guk sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, \u00e9s \u00fagy gondolj\u00e1k, hogy orsz\u00e1guk gazdas\u00e1gi el\u0151ny\u00f6kh\u00f6z jutott az\u00e1ltal, hogy az EU tagja lett. Az EU meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9se a 2004-ben csatlakozott, kor\u00e1bban a keleti blokkba tartoz\u00f3 Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban \u00e9s Litv\u00e1ni\u00e1ban a legkedvez\u0151bb.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A demokr\u00e1cia m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatos el\u00e9gedetlens\u00e9g egyik f\u0151 t\u00e9nyez\u0151je a politikai elittel szembeni csal\u00f3dotts\u00e1g.<\/strong> A politikusokra gyakran \u00fagy tekintenek, mint akik elvesztett\u00e9k a kapcsolatot az \u00e1tlagpolg\u00e1rokkal. A felm\u00e9r\u00e9sben r\u00e9szt vev\u0151 EU-tag\u00e1llamokban az embereknek \u00e1tlagosan 69%-a nem \u00e9rt egyet azzal a kijelent\u00e9ssel, hogy \u201eA legt\u00f6bb v\u00e1lasztott tiszts\u00e9gvisel\u0151t \u00e9rdekli, hogy mit gondolnak a magamfajta emberek\u201d. Oroszorsz\u00e1gban, Ukrajn\u00e1ban \u00e9s az USA-ban a t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g szint\u00e9n osztja ezt a v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyt.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A jobboldali populist\u00e1k az \u00e1tlagn\u00e1l sokkal bizalmatlanabbak az EU-val \u00e9s a kisebbs\u00e9gekkel szemben.<\/strong> A jobboldali populista p\u00e1rtokat kedvez\u0151en meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u0151 emberek v\u00e9lem\u00e9nye az EU-r\u00f3l az \u00e1tlagn\u00e1l gyakrabban kedvez\u0151tlen, \u00e9s gyakrabban v\u00e9lik \u00fagy, hogy Eur\u00f3pa gazdas\u00e1gi integr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja h\u00e1tr\u00e1nyos volt orsz\u00e1gaik sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A kisebbs\u00e9gi csoportokkal szemben is negat\u00edvabbak.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cdme n\u00e9gy kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa diagram, amely az \u00faj jelent\u00e9s egyes orsz\u00e1gokra lebontott adatait vizsg\u00e1lja:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/pg_10-15-19_europevalues-hungarian1\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45058\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e7e8dd\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e7e8dd;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"858\" height=\"946\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" class=\"wp-image-36575 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png 858w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=272,300 272w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=768,847 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=367,405 367w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=200,221 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=260,287 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=310,342 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=420,463 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=640,706 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=740,816 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=160,176 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian1.png?resize=320,353 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/pg_10-15-19_europevalues-hungarian3\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45060\"><img data-dominant-color=\"efefec\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #efefec;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1372\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" class=\"wp-image-36579 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png 1280w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=280,300 280w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=768,823 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=955,1024 955w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=378,405 378w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=200,214 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=260,279 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=310,332 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=420,450 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=640,686 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=740,793 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=160,172 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian3.png?resize=320,343 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/pg_10-15-19_europevalues-hungarian2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45059\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eaebe3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eaebe3;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1264\" height=\"1208\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" class=\"wp-image-36577 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png 1264w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=300,287 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=768,734 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=1024,979 1024w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=424,405 424w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=200,191 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=260,248 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=310,296 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=420,401 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=640,612 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=740,707 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=160,153 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian2.png?resize=320,306 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/17\/az-europai-kozvelemeny-harom-evtizeddel-a-kommunizmus-bukasa-utan\/pg_10-15-19_europevalues-hungarian4\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45061\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d8e0e2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d8e0e2;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"1128\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" class=\"wp-image-36583 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png 634w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=169,300 169w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=576,1024 576w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=228,405 228w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=200,356 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=260,463 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=310,552 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=420,747 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=160,285 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/10\/PG_10.15.19_europevalues.hungarian4.png?resize=320,569 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">Az eredm\u00e9nyek azonnal k\u00f6zz\u00e9tehet\u0151k, \u00e9s a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 c\u00edmen \u00e9rhet\u0151k el: <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/15\/european-public-opinion-three-decades-after-the-fall-of-communism\/\">https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/15\/european-public-opinion-three-decades-after-the-fall-of-communism\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3\u00e9rt vagy interj\u00fak\u00e9relemmel a tanulm\u00e1ny szerz\u0151j\u00e9vel, Richard Wike glob\u00e1lis attit\u0171dkutat\u00e1si igazgat\u00f3val, Jacob Poushter t\u00e1rsigazgat\u00f3val vagy Laura Silver vezet\u0151 kutat\u00f3val, k\u00e9rj\u00fck, forduljon Stefan Corniberthez a 202.419.4372 telefonsz\u00e1mon vagy a <\/span><span lang=\"HU\"><a href=\"mailto:scornibert@pewresearch.org\">scornibert@pewresearch.org<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"HU\">e-mail-c\u00edmen.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span lang=\"HU\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Ford\u00edt\u00e1s angolr\u00f3l) WASHINGTON, D.C., (2019. okt\u00f3ber 15.) \u2013\u00a0A Pew Research Center a kommunizmus buk\u00e1s\u00e1nak harmincadik \u00e9vfordul\u00f3j\u00e1n k\u00e9sz\u00edtett \u00faj felm\u00e9r\u00e9se meg\u00e1llap\u00edtja, hogy a kor\u00e1bbi keleti blokk orsz\u00e1gaiban kev\u00e9s ember b\u00e1nja az 1989\u20131991. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e9gbement v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat, annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy nem teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben el\u00e9gedettek a jelenlegi politikai vagy gazdas\u00e1gi helyzet\u00fckkel sem. Hasonl\u00f3an a nyugati t\u00e1rsaikhoz, a k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":367,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","sub_headline":"A t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g t\u00e1mogatja a demokr\u00e1ci\u00e1t \u00e9s az EU-t, de sokan agg\u00f3dnak a politikai \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1gi kil\u00e1t\u00e1sok miatt","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","bylines":[],"acknowledgements":[],"displayBylines":true,"prc_watchers":[],"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[{"key":"d4ad1e86-315a-43ff-aef4-a24c1d072894","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2019\/10\/15\/european-public-opinion-three-decades-after-the-fall-of-communism\/","label":"Full report 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