{"id":28331,"date":"2020-11-17T09:57:10","date_gmt":"2020-11-17T14:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization\/"},"modified":"2024-07-03T14:29:26","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T18:29:26","slug":"eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix B: Political categorization"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For this report, we grouped people into two political categories: those who support the governing political party (or parties) and those who do not. These categories were coded based on the party or parties in power at the time the survey was fielded, and on respondents\u2019 answers to a question asking them which political party, if any, they identified with in their country.[3. numoffset=&#8221;3&#8243; Governing parties were not updated to account for elections that occurred after the survey was fielded and resulted in a new party (or parties) serving in government. Language used to measure party identification varied country by country.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In countries where multiple political parties govern in coalition (as in many European countries), survey respondents who indicated support for any parties in the coalition were grouped together. In Germany, for example, where the center-right CDU\/CSU governed with the center-left SPD at the time of the survey, supporters of all three parties were grouped together. In countries where different political parties occupy the executive and legislative branches of government, the party holding the executive branch was considered the governing party.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Survey respondents who did not indicate support for any political party, or who refused to identify with one, were considered to be <em>not<\/em> supporting the government in power.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Countries where an insufficient number of people identified with any party in government have been excluded from the analysis. Below is a table that outlines the governing political parties in each country.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/majorities-in-the-european-union-have-favorable-views-of-the-bloc\/pg_2020-11-17_eu_b-01\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-48380\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-48380\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_B-01.png?w=640\" alt=\"Political party categorization by country\" ><\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For this report, we grouped people into two political categories: those who support the governing political party (or parties) and those who do not. These categories were coded based on the party or parties in power at the time the survey was fielded, and on respondents\u2019 answers to a question asking them which political party, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":578,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_api_pending":"","apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_hidden":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[69,448,121,439,88,82,115],"tags":[],"bylines":[954,849,734],"collection":[],"datasets":[1010],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[525],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-28331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-angela-merkel","category-coronavirus-disease-covid-19","category-european-union","category-global-health","category-leaders","category-non-us-governments","category-world-leaders","bylines-laura-silver","bylines-moira-fagan","bylines-nicholas-kent","datasets-summer-2020-survey-data","formats-report","research-teams-global"],"label":false,"post_parent":28399,"word_count":242,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":"36478","rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_featured.jpg?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":28399,"title":"Majorities in the European Union Have Favorable Views of the Bloc","slug":"majorities-in-the-european-union-have-favorable-views-of-the-bloc","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/majorities-in-the-european-union-have-favorable-views-of-the-bloc\/","is_active":false},{"id":28388,"title":"1. Member nations had broadly favorable views of the EU","slug":"member-nations-had-broadly-favorable-views-of-the-eu","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/member-nations-had-broadly-favorable-views-of-the-eu\/","is_active":false},{"id":28378,"title":"2. Before the fall resurgence, most Europeans approved of EU\u2019s COVID-19 response","slug":"before-the-fall-resurgence-most-europeans-approved-of-eus-covid-19-response","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/before-the-fall-resurgence-most-europeans-approved-of-eus-covid-19-response\/","is_active":false},{"id":28368,"title":"3. Many in Europe were confident in Merkel and Macron over the summer; Johnson received mixed ratings","slug":"many-in-europe-were-confident-in-merkel-and-macron-over-the-summer-johnson-received-mixed-ratings","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/many-in-europe-were-confident-in-merkel-and-macron-over-the-summer-johnson-received-mixed-ratings\/","is_active":false},{"id":28357,"title":"4. Views of many European political parties improved against backdrop of COVID-19","slug":"views-of-many-european-political-parties-improved-against-backdrop-of-covid-19","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/views-of-many-european-political-parties-improved-against-backdrop-of-covid-19\/","is_active":false},{"id":28338,"title":"5. Attitudes toward the EU and European leaders from outside the region","slug":"attitudes-toward-the-eu-and-european-leaders-from-outside-the-region","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/attitudes-toward-the-eu-and-european-leaders-from-outside-the-region\/","is_active":false},{"id":28348,"title":"Appendix A: Classifying European political parties","slug":"eu-2020-appendix-a-classifying-european-political-parties","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-a-classifying-european-political-parties\/","is_active":false},{"id":28331,"title":"Appendix B: Political categorization","slug":"eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization\/","is_active":true},{"id":28282,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"eu-2020-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":28325,"title":"Methodology","slug":"eu-2020-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-methodology\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"c0891e36-65a0-4551-a506-219a94fcb117","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_FINAL.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"key":"fec328c5-a375-4042-89de-e796a8ab1f3f","type":"topline","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/PG_2020.11.17_EU_TOPLINE.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":""},{"key":"6b2f2377-2cb5-48c7-8dad-fd01288307ed","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/une-majorite-des-citoyens-dans-lunion-europeenne-ont-une-opinion-favorable-de-lue\/","label":"Summary of findings: (French | Fran\u00e7ais)","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"key":"fe3431e8-5a44-4a77-978e-954cbd1debc2","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/mehrheit-in-der-europaischen-union-hat-eine-positive-meinung-von-der-eu\/","label":"Summary of findings: (German | Deutsch)","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"key":"34c87a7e-edb8-4b22-b9bf-aa823411ba79","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/la-mayoria-de-la-poblacion-de-la-union-europea-ue-tiene-una-opinion-favorable-sobre-la-ue\/","label":"Summary of findings: (Spanish | Espa\u00f1ol)","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"key":"6f944225-cce7-478a-a30a-16e9585b48d3","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/le-maggioranze-nellunione-europea-hanno-unopinione-favorevole-dei-paesi-del-blocco\/","label":"Summary of findings: (Italian | Italiano)","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"type":"dataset","id":1010,"label":"Summer 2020 Survey Data","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/summer-2020-survey-data\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":28331,"title":"Appendix B: Political categorization","slug":"eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-b-political-categorization\/","is_active":true,"page_num":8},"next_post":{"id":28282,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"eu-2020-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9},"previous_post":{"id":28348,"title":"Appendix A: Classifying European political parties","slug":"eu-2020-appendix-a-classifying-european-political-parties","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/eu-2020-appendix-a-classifying-european-political-parties\/","is_active":false,"page_num":7},"pagination_items":[{"id":28399,"title":"Majorities in the European Union Have Favorable Views of the Bloc","slug":"majorities-in-the-european-union-have-favorable-views-of-the-bloc","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/majorities-in-the-european-union-have-favorable-views-of-the-bloc\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":28388,"title":"1. Member nations had broadly favorable views of the EU","slug":"member-nations-had-broadly-favorable-views-of-the-eu","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/member-nations-had-broadly-favorable-views-of-the-eu\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":28378,"title":"2. Before the fall resurgence, most Europeans approved of EU\u2019s COVID-19 response","slug":"before-the-fall-resurgence-most-europeans-approved-of-eus-covid-19-response","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/before-the-fall-resurgence-most-europeans-approved-of-eus-covid-19-response\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":28368,"title":"3. Many in Europe were confident in Merkel and Macron over the summer; Johnson received mixed ratings","slug":"many-in-europe-were-confident-in-merkel-and-macron-over-the-summer-johnson-received-mixed-ratings","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/many-in-europe-were-confident-in-merkel-and-macron-over-the-summer-johnson-received-mixed-ratings\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":28357,"title":"4. Views of many European political parties improved against backdrop of COVID-19","slug":"views-of-many-european-political-parties-improved-against-backdrop-of-covid-19","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2020\/11\/17\/views-of-many-european-political-parties-improved-against-backdrop-of-covid-19\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":28338,"title":"5. 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