{"id":269894,"date":"2025-07-15T11:55:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T15:55:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?p=269894"},"modified":"2026-03-26T08:12:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T12:12:02","slug":"views-of-china-and-xi-jinping-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2025\/07\/15\/views-of-china-and-xi-jinping-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"1.\u00a0\u00a0Views of China and Xi Jinping"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Views of China are more unfavorable than favorable in the 25 countries surveyed. In most countries, people also lack confidence in Chinese President Xi Jinping to do the right thing regarding world affairs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, positive views of China have increased in 15 of the 25 countries since last year, and confidence in Xi is up in 16 countries. Views of both China and Xi tend to be more positive in the nine&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.worldbank.org\/en\/opendata\/world-bank-country-classifications-by-income-level-for-2024-2025\">middle-income countries<\/a>&nbsp;surveyed than in the 16 high-income countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;favorability-of-china&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"favorability-of-china\">Favorability of China<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A 25-country median of 36% of adults have a favorable view of China, compared with 54% who have an unfavorable view.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269977\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d1dad7\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d1dad7;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_01.png?resize=480,1133 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_01.png?resize=620,1464 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"732\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_01.png?w=310\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that Views of China vary by country\" class=\"wp-image-269977 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Views are among the most negative in the&nbsp;<strong>Asia-Pacific<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>region.<\/strong>&nbsp;In Japan, only 13% of people have a favorable view of China, as do around a quarter or fewer in Australia, India and South Korea. Indonesia, however, is an exception, with roughly two-thirds reporting a favorable opinion of China.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The balance of opinion in&nbsp;<strong>Europe&nbsp;<\/strong>is also negative. About four-in-ten adults or fewer have a positive view of China in most of the European countries surveyed. Only in Greece do a majority have a favorable opinion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In both&nbsp;<strong>Turkey<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Israel,<\/strong>&nbsp;around a third have favorable views of China.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the three&nbsp;<strong>sub-Saharan African countries<\/strong>&nbsp;surveyed (Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa) majorities have a favorable view of China.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>And in each of the three&nbsp;<strong>Latin American countries<\/strong>&nbsp;surveyed (Argentina, Brazil and Mexico) more people have a positive view of China than a negative one.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more positive views in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America reflect a broader pattern: In countries with lower gross domestic products per capita, people tend to have more positive views of China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-640-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269982\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f4f4f4\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f4f4;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?resize=480,344 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?resize=782,560 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?resize=960,687 960w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?resize=1200,859 1200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?resize=1280,916 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"458\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_02.png?w=640\" alt=\"a chart showing that Where per-capita GDP is lower, attitudes toward China tend to be more positive\" class=\"wp-image-269982 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"views-of-china-over-time\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Views of China over time<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269981\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f4f4f3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f4f3;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_03.png?resize=480,864 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_03.png?resize=782,1408 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_03.png?resize=840,1512 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"756\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_03.png?w=420\" alt=\"A dot plot showing that Views of China have improved in many countries since last year but remain broadly negative\" class=\"wp-image-269981 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Views of China have become more favorable since 2024 in 15 of 25 countries surveyed. This includes double-digit increases in places like Canada and France (+13 points) as well as Italy and South Africa (+10).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In South Korea, however, the share of adults with a favorable view of China decreased from 25% in 2024 to 19% in 2025. This is the only country surveyed where this share has dropped significantly since last year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Related:<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2025\/04\/17\/negative-views-of-china-have-softened-slightly-among-americans\/\"><em>Negative Views of China Have Softened Slightly Among Americans<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"views-by-age\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Views by age<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269980\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f3f3f2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f3f3f2;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_04.png?resize=480,832 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_04.png?resize=782,1355 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_04.png?resize=840,1456 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"728\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_04.png?w=420\" alt=\"A dot plot showing that Younger people generally view China more positively\" class=\"wp-image-269980 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most countries, younger people have more favorable opinions of China than older people.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some of the largest gaps are in Poland, the United Kingdom and Canada, where adults under 35 are 27 or 28 points more likely than those ages 50 and older to view China positively.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"views-by-ideology\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Views by ideology<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most countries, ideology is not closely related to views of China. (For more on how we measure ideology in our cross-national surveys, read this report\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2025\/07\/15\/methodology-global-views-china-2025\/\">methodology<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But in Israel, Mexico, South Korea and the U.S., people who place themselves on the ideological left (\u201cliberals\u201d in the U.S.) have more positive views of China than those on the ideological right (\u201cconservatives\u201d in the U.S.). For example, 28% of South Koreans on the left view China positively, compared with 12% of those on the right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Hungary, however, the opposite is true. Roughly two-thirds of Hungarians on the right have favorable views of China, compared with 43% in the center and 37% on the left.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;confidence-in-xi&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"confidence-in-xi\">Confidence in Xi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269979\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d4ddde\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d4ddde;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_05.png?resize=480,914 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_05.png?resize=782,1490 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_05.png?resize=840,1600 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"800\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_05.png?w=420\" alt=\"A bar chart showing that Most lack confidence in Xi across 25 countries\" class=\"wp-image-269979 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relatively few people surveyed have confidence in Xi to do the right thing regarding world affairs. A 25-country median of 25% of adults have a fair amount or a great deal of confidence in him, while 66% have not too much or no confidence at all.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ratings of Xi are highest in\u00a0<strong>Kenya<\/strong>\u00a0and <strong>Nigeria,<\/strong>\u00a0where about two-thirds of adults have confidence in the Chinese president. Views are more mixed in\u00a0<strong>South Africa.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In\u00a0<strong>Europe,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Latin America<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>North America,<\/strong>\u00a0assessments of Xi are more negative than positive. The same is true in\u00a0<strong>Turkey<\/strong>\u00a0and <strong>Israel.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>People in four of the five&nbsp;<strong>Asia-Pacific countries<\/strong>&nbsp;surveyed mostly lack confidence in Xi. For instance, only 8% in Japan have confidence in him. But in Indonesia, more have confidence in Xi than not (53% vs. 41%).&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, confidence in Xi is lower in high-income countries than in middle-income ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"views-of-xi-over-time\">Views of Xi over time<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=269978\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f4f4f3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f4f3;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_06.png?resize=480,839 480w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_06.png?resize=782,1367 782w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_06.png?resize=840,1468 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"734\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/pg_2025.07.15_global-views-china-2025_1_06.png?w=420\" alt=\"A dot plot showing that Confidence in Xi is up in many countries since 2024\" class=\"wp-image-269978 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While majorities in most countries surveyed have little or no confidence in Xi to do the right thing regarding world affairs,&nbsp;<strong>confidence in him has increased since last year in 16 of the 25 countries surveyed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This includes increases of 10 points in Canada and Turkey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These changing attitudes toward Xi reflect another pattern: The share saying they \u201cdon\u2019t know\u201d whether they have confidence in him has fallen in some countries. And in South Africa the share who are unsure or decline to answer has dropped so significantly since 2024 that both positive (+10) and negative (+12) ratings of Xi have increased.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>People across 25 nations are mostly unfavorable toward China and lack confidence in Xi, but views have improved in some places.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":648,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[]},"categories":[119,125],"tags":[],"bylines":[738,2745,633,954,589],"collection":[],"datasets":[3043],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[506,514,505],"research-teams":[525],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-269894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-china-global-image","category-global-economy-trade","bylines-christine-huang","bylines-jonathan-schulman","bylines-laura-clancy","bylines-laura-silver","bylines-william-miner","datasets-spring-2025-survey-data","formats-report","regions-countries-china","regions-countries-international","regions-countries-multiple-regions-worldwide","research-teams-global"],"label":false,"post_parent":269886,"word_count":789,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2025\/07\/15\/views-of-china-and-xi-jinping-2025\/","art_direction":{"A2":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. (Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. (Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. (Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. (Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"A1":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. (Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":270038,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/07\/PG_25.07.15_ViewsOfChina_featured@2x.png?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"People walk through a shopping area in a historic neighborhood of Beijing on Oct. 3, 2024. 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Views of China in middle-income countries","slug":"views-of-china-in-middle-income-countries","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2025\/07\/15\/views-of-china-in-middle-income-countries\/","is_active":false},{"id":269906,"title":"4. 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