{"id":198640,"date":"2025-02-26T06:09:14","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T11:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?p=198640"},"modified":"2025-10-28T14:49:24","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T18:49:24","slug":"spiritual-and-religious-self-descriptions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/spiritual-and-religious-self-descriptions\/","title":{"rendered":"14. Spiritual and religious self-descriptions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Americans are more likely to say they are spiritual than to say they are religious. Nearly three-quarters of Americans say they are either very spiritual or somewhat spiritual, while 58% say they are very or somewhat religious.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=199221\"><img data-dominant-color=\"dfe7ea\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dfe7ea;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"281\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?w=840\" alt=\"Bar chart showing 74% of U.S. adults identify as spiritual\" class=\"wp-image-199221 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=300,201 300w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=768,514 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=605,405 605w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=200,133 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=260,174 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=310,207 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=420,281 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=640,428 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=740,495 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=160,107 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-01.png?resize=320,214 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Combining these measures, upward of half of U.S. adults (53%) say they are both spiritual and religious, while 21% say they are spiritual but not religious. Just 5% say they are religious but not spiritual, and 21% say they are neither spiritual nor religious.[62. numoffset=&#8221;62&#8243; Pew Research Center has asked about spirituality among Americans in various ways. Most recently, in a <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2023\/12\/07\/measuring-spirituality\/\">2023 survey<\/a>, we asked U.S. adults, \u201cDo you think of yourself as spiritual? (Yes\/No)\u201d and \u201cDo you think of yourself as religious? (Yes\/No)\u201d along with questions asking, \u201cHow important is spirituality in your life?\u201d and \u201cHow important is religion in your life?\u201d We divided respondents into four categories based on their responses to both sets of questions, classifying them as spiritual if they said either that they think of themselves as spiritual OR that spirituality is very important in their lives. Likewise, we classified them as religious if they said either that they think of themselves as religious OR that religion is very important in their lives. Broadly speaking, the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2023\/12\/07\/spirituality-among-americans\/#how-many-americans-are-spiritual\">2023 survey found a similar pattern<\/a> of responses to what the Religious Landscape Study (RLS) shows. The largest group in the 2023 survey consisted of Americans who said they were <em>both<\/em> spiritual and religious (48%), while 22% said they were spiritual but not religious, 10% said they were religious but not spiritual, and 21% said they were neither spiritual nor religious.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jump to details on how Americans answer questions in the 2023-24 Religious Landscape Study (RLS) about:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#being-a-spiritual-person\">Being a spiritual person<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#being-a-religious-person\">Being a religious person<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#being-spiritual-but-not-religious\">Being spiritual but not religious<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;being-a-spiritual-person&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"being-a-spiritual-person\">Being a spiritual person<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nearly three-quarters of U.S. adults consider themselves at least somewhat spiritual, including 32% who describe themselves as very spiritual and 42% who say they are somewhat spiritual. A quarter of Americans say they are not too, or not at all, spiritual.[63. The Center has included this question \u2013 asking people if they are a \u201cvery,\u201d \u201csomewhat,\u201d \u201cnot too\u201d or \u201cnot at all\u201d spiritual person \u2013 in two previous surveys conducted in <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_2022.11.17_religion-climate_TOPLINE.pdf\">2022 and 2017<\/a>. The 2022 survey focused on the relationship between religion and views on the environment, and the 2017 survey covered a range of topics including various religious beliefs and practices, the relationship between religion and society, and where people find meaning and purpose in their lives. While the topics of the surveys were not the same, they collectively suggest that the share of Americans who consider themselves <em>very<\/em> spiritual may have increased modestly in recent years, from 28% in 2017 and 27% in 2022 to 32% in the 2023-24 RLS.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=199222\"><img data-dominant-color=\"efefef\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #efefef;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"610\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?w=704\" alt=\"Table showing about 9 in 10 or more Latter-day Saints, evangelicals and people in the historically Black Protestant tradition say they are very or somewhat spiritual\" class=\"wp-image-199222 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=207,300 207w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=768,1115 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=705,1024 705w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=279,405 279w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=200,290 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=260,378 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=310,450 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=420,610 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=640,930 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=740,1075 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=160,232 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-02.png?resize=320,465 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The vast majority of Christians (85%) say they are at least somewhat spiritual, as do 77% of people who identify with non-Christian religions. Jewish Americans (60%) are the least likely of the religiously affiliated groups large enough to analyze to describe themselves this way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Half of all religiously unaffiliated adults say they are at least somewhat spiritual people \u2013 though atheists (24%) are notably less likely to say this than are agnostics (47%) and people who describe their religion as \u201cnothing in particular\u201d (58%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;being-a-religious-person&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"being-a-religious-person\">Being a religious person<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nearly six-in-ten Americans say they are at least somewhat religious, including 19% who describe themselves as very religious and 38% who say they are somewhat religious. Upward of four-in-ten Americans (42%) say they are not too, or not at all, religious.[64. The Center has included this question \u2013 asking people if they are a \u201cvery,\u201d \u201csomewhat,\u201d \u201cnot too\u201d or \u201cnot at all\u201d religious person \u2013 in two previous surveys conducted in <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/11\/PF_2022.11.17_religion-climate_TOPLINE.pdf\">2022 and 2017<\/a>. The 2022 survey focused on the relationship between religion and views on the environment, and the 2017 survey covered a range of topics including various religious beliefs and practices, the relationship between religion and society, and where people find meaning and purpose in their lives. While the topics of the surveys were not the same, they collectively suggest that the share of Americans who consider themselves religious has been fairly stable since 2022 (when 18% said this) and may be slightly higher than in 2017 (when 13% described themselves as \u201cvery religious\u201d).]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">About half of members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (widely known as Mormons) say they are very religious, as do roughly a third or more of Muslims, evangelical Protestants and people who identify with the historically Black Protestant tradition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=199223\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f2f2f2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f2f2f2;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"587\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?w=733\" alt=\"Table showing 58% of Americans say they are a somewhat or very religious person\" class=\"wp-image-199223 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=215,300 215w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=768,1073 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=733,1024 733w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=290,405 290w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=200,280 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=260,363 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=310,433 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=420,587 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=640,894 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=740,1034 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=160,224 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-03.png?resize=320,447 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;being-spiritual-but-not-religious&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"being-spiritual-but-not-religious\">Being spiritual but not religious<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Combining these two questions, we see that a little more than half of Americans \u2013 53% \u2013 say they are both spiritual and religious (i.e., at least somewhat spiritual <em>and<\/em> at least somewhat religious). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?attachment_id=199224\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f2f2f2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f2f2f2;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" height=\"614\" width=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?w=698\" alt=\"Table showing 21% of Americans are spiritual but not religious\" class=\"wp-image-199224 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png 840w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=205,300 205w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=768,1123 768w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=700,1024 700w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=277,405 277w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=200,292 200w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=260,380 260w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=310,453 310w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=420,614 420w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=640,936 640w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=740,1082 740w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=160,234 160w, https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2025\/02\/PR_2025.02.26_religious-landscape-study_014-04.png?resize=320,468 320w\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Smaller shares say they are spiritual but not religious (21%); religious but not spiritual (5%); and neither spiritual nor religious (21%).[65. In our <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2022\/11\/17\/how-religion-intersects-with-americans-views-on-the-environment\/\">2022 survey<\/a> that included the same questions, 48% of respondents identified as both spiritual and religious, 21% said they are spiritual but not religious, 6% described themselves as religious but not spiritual, and 25% said they are neither spiritual nor religious.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among religiously unaffiliated adults \u2013 often called religious \u201cnones\u201d \u2013 37% say they are spiritual but not religious, while 48% say they are neither spiritual nor religious.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seven-in-ten religiously affiliated Americans say they are both spiritual and religious. Latter-day Saints (88%) and members of historically Black Protestant (80%) and evangelical Protestant (79%) churches are more likely than members of other religious groups large enough to be analyzed to say they are spiritual as well as religious.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nearly three-quarters say they\u2019re spiritual, and 58% say they&#8217;re religious. Read about how these identities do \u2013 or don&#8217;t \u2013 overlap for some Americans. Religious Landscape Study by Pew Research 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Age, race, education and other demographic traits of U.S. religious groups","slug":"age-race-education-and-other-demographic-traits-of-us-religious-groups","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/age-race-education-and-other-demographic-traits-of-us-religious-groups\/","is_active":false,"page_num":26},{"id":199980,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"religious-landscape-study-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/religious-landscape-study-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":27},{"id":198712,"title":"Methodology","slug":"religious-landscape-study-methodology","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/religious-landscape-study-methodology\/","is_active":false,"page_num":28},{"id":198570,"title":"Appendix A: Comparing results across Religious Landscape Studies","slug":"appendix-a-comparing-results-across-religious-landscape-studies","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/appendix-a-comparing-results-across-religious-landscape-studies\/","is_active":false,"page_num":29},{"id":199047,"title":"Appendix B: Classification of Protestant denominations","slug":"appendix-b-classification-of-protestant-denominations","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/appendix-b-classification-of-protestant-denominations\/","is_active":false,"page_num":30},{"id":199014,"title":"Appendix C: Comparing the Center\u2019s religion trends with those of other major surveys","slug":"appendix-c-comparing-the-centers-religion-trends-with-those-of-other-major-surveys","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2025\/02\/26\/appendix-c-comparing-the-centers-religion-trends-with-those-of-other-major-surveys\/","is_active":false,"page_num":31}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"Decline of Christianity in the U.S. Has Slowed, May Have Leveled Off","parent_id":198882},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"Smith, Gregory, Alan Cooperman, Becka Alper, Besheer Mohamed, Chip Rotolo, Patricia Tevington, Justin Nortey, Asta Kallo, Jeff Diamant and Dalia Fahmy.  2025.  \"Decline of Christianity in the U.S. Has Slowed, May Have Leveled Off.\"  Pew Research Center. doi: 10.58094\/4kqq-3112.","prc_seo_data":{"title":"How Americans see themselves spiritually, religiously","description":"Nearly three-quarters say they\u2019re spiritual, and 58% say they're religious. 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