{"id":109308,"date":"2023-02-16T14:56:22","date_gmt":"2023-02-16T19:56:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies\/"},"modified":"2024-04-18T16:06:21","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T20:06:21","slug":"black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies\/","title":{"rendered":"Methodologies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This report draws on four surveys conducted by Pew Research Center between 2019 and 2022 using the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/our-methods\/u-s-surveys\/the-american-trends-panel\/\">American Trends Panel<\/a> and supplemented by samples from the Ipsos KnowledgePanel and NORC\u2019s AmeriSpeak panel. Brief descriptions of and links to the methodologies for these previously released surveys are included below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 data-is-section=\"true\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;the-four-studies&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/table-of-contents&quot;}\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-four-studies\">The four studies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"study-1-black-americans-views-on-faith-and-religion\">Study 1: Black Americans\u2019 views on faith and religion&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first survey that this report draws on was conducted among 8,660 Black adults (ages 18 and older) from Nov. 19, 2019, to June 3, 2020, and contains data from four sources: Pew Research Center\u2019s American Trends Panel (conducted online), NORC\u2019s AmeriSpeak panel (conducted online or by phone), Ipsos\u2019 KnowledgePanel (conducted online) and a national cross-sectional survey by the Center (conducted online and by mail). In this survey, Black adults include those who say they are Black and non-Hispanic, Black and at least one other race and non-Hispanic, or Black and Hispanic. This survey provided the questions on gender, faith and family discussed in Chapter 1 of this report. To learn more, read the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2021\/02\/16\/appendix-a-survey-methodology-3\/\">detailed methodology<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2021\/02\/16\/faith-among-black-americans\/\">report based on this survey<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"study-2-u-s-adults-views-on-gender-equality-and-feminism\">Study 2: U.S. adults\u2019 views on gender equality and feminism<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second was conducted online among 3,143 U.S. adults (ages 18 and older) from March 18 to April 1, 2020, on Ipsos\u2019 KnowledgePanel. There were 705 non-Hispanic Black adults in the sample. In this survey, Black adults only include those who say they are single-race Black and non-Hispanic. This survey provided the questions on gender equality and feminism discussed in Chapters 1 and 2 of this report. To learn more, read the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/07\/07\/methodology-36\/\">detailed methodology<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/07\/07\/a-century-after-women-gained-the-right-to-vote-majority-of-americans-see-work-to-do-on-gender-equality\/\">report based on this survey<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"study-3-black-americans-views-on-racial-identity-and-racial-inequality\">Study 3: Black Americans\u2019 views on racial identity and racial inequality<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The third survey was conducted online among 3,912 Black adults (ages 18 and older) from Oct. 4 to 17, 2021. The survey includes 1,025 Black adults on the Center\u2019s American Trends Panel and 2,887 Black adults on Ipsos\u2019 KnowledgePanel. In this survey, Black adults include those who say they are Black and non-Hispanic, Black and at least one other race and non-Hispanic, or Black and Hispanic. There were 3,416 Black and non-Hispanic adults in the sample. This survey provided the questions on intersectionality and Black adults\u2019 concern about discrimination against LGBTQ people in Chapter 3 of this report. To learn more, read the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-voices-politics-methodology\/\">detailed methodology<\/a> and two reports based on this survey covering Black Americans\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/04\/14\/race-is-central-to-identity-for-black-americans-and-affects-how-they-connect-with-each-other\/\">racial identity<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-americans-have-a-clear-vision-for-reducing-racism-but-little-hope-it-will-happen\/\">political views<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"study-4-u-s-adults-views-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Study 4: U.S. adults\u2019 views on transgender and nonbinary issues<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The fourth survey was conducted online among 10,188 U.S. adults (ages 18 and older) from May 16 to 22, 2022, using the Center\u2019s American Trends Panel. There were 799 Black adults in the sample. In this survey, Black adults only include those who say they are Black and non-Hispanic. This survey provided the questions on transgender and nonbinary issues discussed in Chapter 3 of this report. To learn more, read the <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-ethnicity\/2022\/08\/30\/black-voices-politics-methodology\/\">detailed methodology<\/a> and two reports based on this survey covering <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/06\/07\/about-5-of-young-adults-in-the-u-s-say-their-gender-is-different-from-their-sex-assigned-at-birth\/\">transgender and nonbinary adults<\/a> in the United States and Americans\u2019 views on <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2022\/06\/28\/americans-complex-views-on-gender-identity-and-transgender-issues\/\">gender identity and transgender issues<\/a>. Learn more about how we measured the share of the U.S. population that is <a href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2022\/06\/07\/about-5-of-young-adults-in-the-u-s-say-their-gender-is-different-from-their-sex-assigned-at-birth\/#:~:text=How%20we%20measured%20the%20share%20of%20the%20U.S.%20population%20that%20is%20trans%20or%20nonbinary\">transgender or nonbinary<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This report draws on four surveys conducted by Pew Research Center between 2019 and 2022 using the American Trends Panel and supplemented by samples from the Ipsos KnowledgePanel and NORC\u2019s AmeriSpeak panel. Brief descriptions of and links to the methodologies for these previously released surveys are included below. The four studies Study 1: Black Americans\u2019 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":581,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_api_pending":"","apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_hidden":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-109308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","formats-report"],"label":false,"post_parent":109312,"word_count":506,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"caption":"","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":140466,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023_02.16_Black-Intersectionality.webp?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":109312,"title":"Black Americans Firmly Support Gender Equality but Are Split on Transgender and Nonbinary Issues \u00a0\u00a0","slug":"black-americans-firmly-support-gender-equality-but-are-split-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-firmly-support-gender-equality-but-are-split-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues\/","is_active":false},{"id":109324,"title":"1. Black Americans\u2019 views of gender equality in society and gender roles in families","slug":"black-americans-views-of-gender-equality-in-society-and-gender-roles-in-families","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-views-of-gender-equality-in-society-and-gender-roles-in-families\/","is_active":false},{"id":109293,"title":"2. Black Americans and their views on feminism","slug":"black-americans-and-their-views-on-feminism","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-and-their-views-on-feminism\/","is_active":false},{"id":109299,"title":"3. Black Americans\u2019 views on transgender and nonbinary issues","slug":"black-americans-views-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-views-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues\/","is_active":false},{"id":109304,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"black-americans-intersectionality-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false},{"id":109308,"title":"Methodologies","slug":"black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies\/","is_active":true}],"report_materials":[{"key":"_8b6dsinpq","type":"report","attachmentId":124117,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023.02.16_Black-Intersectionality_REPORT.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"key":"_pyyapvlv1","type":"topline","attachmentId":124116,"url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2023\/02\/RE_2023.02.16_Black-Intersectionality_TOPLINE.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"type":"dataset","id":1764,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 97","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-97\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":109308,"title":"Methodologies","slug":"black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-methodologies\/","is_active":true,"page_num":6},"next_post":null,"previous_post":{"id":109304,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"black-americans-intersectionality-acknowledgments","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-intersectionality-acknowledgments\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},"pagination_items":[{"id":109312,"title":"Black Americans Firmly Support Gender Equality but Are Split on Transgender and Nonbinary Issues \u00a0\u00a0","slug":"black-americans-firmly-support-gender-equality-but-are-split-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/02\/16\/black-americans-firmly-support-gender-equality-but-are-split-on-transgender-and-nonbinary-issues\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":109324,"title":"1. 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