{"id":5416,"date":"2021-01-12T09:54:44","date_gmt":"2021-01-12T14:54:44","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-09-03T12:37:54","modified_gmt":"2025-09-03T16:37:54","slug":"racial-and-ethnic-gaps-in-the-u-s-persist-on-key-demographic-indicators","status":"publish","type":"feature","link":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/feature\/racial-and-ethnic-gaps-in-the-u-s-persist-on-key-demographic-indicators\/","title":{"rendered":"Racial and ethnic gaps in the U.S. persist on key demographic indicators"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-style-default is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display is-layout-flex wp-container-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-7b1574cb wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-flex\" class=\"wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__bylines\"><span class=\"wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__prefix\">By<\/span> <a rel=\"author\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/staff\/richard-fry\/\" aria-label=\"View author archive for Richard Fry\">Richard Fry<\/a><span class=\"prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator\">, <\/span><a rel=\"author\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/staff\/jesse-bennett\/\" aria-label=\"View author archive for Jesse Bennett\">Jesse Bennett<\/a> <span class=\"prc-platform-staff-bylines__and-separator\">and<\/span> <a rel=\"author\" href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/staff\/amanda-barroso\/\" aria-label=\"View author archive for Amanda Barroso\">Amanda Barroso<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible js-react-collapsible is-style-alternate has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The majority of measures shown in these charts are derived from the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.census.gov\/programs-surveys\/cps\/about.html\">Current Population Survey<\/a>, Annual Social and Economic Supplements (ASEC), which is conducted in March of every year. Conducted jointly by the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the CPS is a monthly survey of approximately 55,000 households and is the source of the nation\u2019s official statistics on unemployment. The ASEC survey in March typically features a larger sample size. Data on income and poverty from the ASEC survey serve as the basis for the&nbsp;well-known Census Bureau&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/content\/dam\/Census\/library\/publications\/2020\/demo\/p60-270.pdf\">report on income and poverty<\/a>&nbsp;in the United States.<sup>&nbsp;<\/sup>The Census Bureau\u2019s historical tables on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/time-series\/demo\/educational-attainment\/cps-historical-time-series.html\">educational attainment<\/a>&nbsp;are based on the ASEC. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/time-series\/demo\/families\/marital.html\">historical marital status tables<\/a>&nbsp;also use the ASEC. The ASEC microdata files were provided&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cps.ipums.org\/cps\/index.shtml\">by the IPUMS<\/a>&nbsp;at the University of Minnesota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The wealth analysis is based on the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/pubs\/oss\/oss2\/scfindex.html\">Survey of Consumer Finances<\/a>&nbsp;(SCF) that is sponsored by the Federal Reserve Board of Governors and the Department of Treasury. It has been conducted every three years since 1983 (however, it was not fielded in 1986) and is designed to provide detailed information on the finances of U.S. families.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The figures on life expectancy at birth are from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/hus\/contents2017.htm#015\">table 15<\/a>&nbsp;of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.entry-content{max-width:unset!important;}<\/style>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-61d584a3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-platform-feature-loader\" id=\"js-interactive\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The charts below allow for comparisons between racial or ethnic groups over time on a range of measures including educational attainment, household income, life expectancy and others. You may select any two groups at a time for comparison.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":5724,"parent":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"layout-full-width","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_feature_data_attachment_id":0,"_feature_rewrites":[],"_feature_embed_referenced_in":0,"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[149,239,394,151,242,238,28,141],"bylines":[726,810,984],"datasets":[],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[460],"_fund_pool":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[519],"class_list":["post-5416","feature","type-feature","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-black-americans","category-economic-inequality","category-educational-attainment","category-hispanics-latinos","category-homeownership-renting","category-income-wages","category-race-ethnicity","category-racial-bias-discrimination","bylines-amanda-barroso","bylines-jesse-bennett","bylines-richard-fry","formats-feature","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-social-trends"],"label":false,"post_parent":0,"word_count":239,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/feature\/racial-and-ethnic-gaps-in-the-u-s-persist-on-key-demographic-indicators\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=720&h=405&crop=1","width":720,"height":405,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":5724,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png","url":"https:\/\/alpha.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ST_20.10.15_Race-Interactive_Featured-image_Chart-art_2.png?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"table_of_contents":[],"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Comparing racial and ethnic gaps in the U.S.","description":"The charts below allow for comparisons between racial or ethnic groups over time on a range of measures including educational attainment, household income, life expectancy and others. 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