Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

Who Is Multiracial? Depends on How You Ask

References

Brunsma, David L. and Kerry Ann Rockquemore. 2001. “The New Color Complex: Appearances and Biracial Identity.” Identity 3(1):29-52.

Cohn, D’Vera. 2012. “Census Bureau Considers Changing Its Race/Hispanic Questions.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. August.

Cohn, D’Vera. 2015. “Census considers new approach to asking about race – by not using the term at all.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. June.

Compton, Elizabeth, Michael Bentley, Sharon Ennis and Sonya Rastogi. 2013. “2010 Census Race and Hispanic Origin Alternative Questionnaire Experiment.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau. February.

Doyle, Jamie Mihoko and Grace Kao. 2007. “Are Racial Identities of Multiracials Stable? Changing Self-identification among Single and Multiple Race Individuals.” Social Psychology Quarterly 70(4):405–23.

Goldstein, Joshua R. and Ann J. Morning. 2000. “The multiple-race population of the United States: issues and estimates.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97 (11): 6230–35.

Gullickson, Aaron and Ann Morning. 2011. “Choosing Race: Multiracial ancestry and identification.” Social Science Research 40(2): 498-512. March.

Harris, David R. 2002. “Does It Matter How We Measure? Racial Classification and the Characteristics of Multiracial Youth.” In Waters, M. C. & Perlmann, J. (Eds.), The New Race Question: How the Census Counts Multiracial Individuals (pp. 62-101). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Harris, David R. and Jeremiah Joseph Sim. 2002. “Who Is Multiracial? Assessing the Complexity of Lived Race.” American Sociological Review 67(4): 614-27. August.

Humes, Karen R., Nicholas A. Jones and Roberto R. Ramirez. 2011. “Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau. March.

Krogstad, Jens Manuel. 2014. “Census Bureau explores new Middle East/North Africa ethnic category.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center.

Krogstad, Jens Manuel and D’Vera Cohn. 2014. “U.S. Census looking at big changes in how it asks about race and ethnicity.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. March.

Lee, Taeku. 2009. “Between Social Theory and Social Science Practice: Toward a New Approach to the Survey Measurement of ‘Race’.” In Rawi Abdelal et al. (eds.) Measuring Identity: A Guide for Social Scientists. (pp. 113-144). Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511810909.005

Morin, Rich. 2015. “Among multiracial adults, racial identity can be fluid.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. June.

Pew Research Center. 2015. “Multiracial in America: Proud, Diverse and Growing in Numbers.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. June. https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/social-trends/2015/06/11/multiracial-in-america/

Pew Research Center. 2015. “Building Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. April.

Saperstein, Aliya and Andrew M. Penner. 2014. “Beyond the Looking Glass: Exploring Fluidity in Racial Self-Identification and Interviewer Classification.” Sociological Perspectives 57 (2): 186-207. June.

Tafoya, Sonya. 2004. “Shades of Belonging: Latinos and Racial Identity.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center. December.

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