---
"title": "Appendix A: Sources"
"description": "This appendix lists the survey sources used to measure religious switching, importance of religion and daily prayer for adults in 102 countries and territories. ‘Religion and Spirituality in East Asian Societies’ (this report; fieldwork in 2023) Hong KongJapanSouth KoreaTaiwanVietnam Various U.S. surveys (fieldwork in 2022-2023)[10. numoffset=”10″ For the United States, figures on religious switching were calculated […]"
"date": "2024-06-17"
"authors":
  -
    "name": "Jonathan Evans"
    "job_title": "Senior Researcher"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/jonathan-evans/"
  -
    "name": "Alan Cooperman"
    "job_title": "Director, Religion Research"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/alan-cooperman/"
  -
    "name": "Kelsey Jo Starr"
    "job_title": "Former Research Analyst"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/kelsey-jo-starr/"
  -
    "name": "Manolo Corichi"
    "job_title": "Former Research Analyst"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/manolo-corichi/"
  -
    "name": "William Miner"
    "job_title": "Research Analyst"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/william-miner/"
  -
    "name": "Kirsten Lesage"
    "job_title": "Research Associate"
    "link": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/staff/kirsten-lesage/"
"url": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2024/06/17/religion-in-east-asia-appendix-a-sources/"
"categories":
  - "Beliefs & Practices"
  - "Buddhism"
  - "Christianity"
  - "Non-Religion & Secularism"
  - "Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project"
  - "Religious Identity & Affiliation"
  - "Religiously Unaffiliated"
"datasets":
  -
    "name": "East Asian Societies Survey Dataset"
    "url": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/dataset/east-asian-societies-survey-dataset/"
---

# Appendix A: Sources

This appendix lists the survey sources used to measure [religious switching](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2024/06/17/religion-and-spirituality-in-east-asian-societies/#religious-switching-in-east-asia-compared-with-the-rest-of-the-world), [importance of religion](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2024/06/17/religion-as-a-way-of-life/#importance-of-religion-around-the-world) and [daily prayer](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2024/06/17/practices/#daily-prayer-around-the-world) for adults in 102 countries and territories.

#### ‘Religion and Spirituality in East Asian Societies’ (this report; fieldwork in 2023)

Hong Kong\
Japan\
South Korea\
Taiwan\
Vietnam

#### Various U.S. surveys (fieldwork in 2022-2023)\[10. numoffset=”10″ For the United States, figures on religious switching were calculated using questions asked on the [American Trends Panel](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/the-american-trends-panel/) in 2023. U.S. figures on the importance of religion and daily prayer were calculated using pooled data from the 2022 and 2023 [National Public Opinion Reference Survey](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/methods/fact-sheet/national-public-opinion-reference-survey-npors/).\]

United States

#### [Religion in South and Southeast Asia](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2023/09/12/buddhism-islam-and-religious-pluralism-in-south-and-southeast-asia/) (fieldwork in 2022)

Cambodia\
Indonesia\
Malaysia\
Singapore\
Sri Lanka\
Thailand

#### [Religion in India](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2021/06/29/religion-in-india-tolerance-and-segregation/) (fieldwork in 2019-2020)

India

#### [Religion in Western Europe](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2018/05/29/being-christian-in-western-europe/) (fieldwork in 2017)

Austria\
Belgium\
Denmark\
Finland\
France\
Germany\
Ireland\
Italy\
Netherlands\
Norway\
Portugal\
Slovakia\
Spain\
Sweden\
Switzerland\
United Kingdom

#### [Religion in Central and Eastern Europe](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2017/05/10/religious-belief-and-national-belonging-in-central-and-eastern-europe/) (fieldwork in 2015-2016)

Armenia\
Belarus\
Bosnia-Herzegovina\
Bulgaria\
Croatia\
Czech Republic\
Estonia\
Georgia\
Greece\
Hungary\
Kazakhstan\
Latvia\
Lithuania\
Moldova\
Poland\
Romania\
Russia\
Serbia\
Ukraine

#### [Religion in Israel](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2016/03/08/israels-religiously-divided-society/) (fieldwork in 2014-2015)

Israel

#### [Religion in Latin America](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2014/11/13/religion-in-latin-america-3/) (fieldwork in 2013-2014)

Argentina\
Bolivia\
Brazil\
Chile\
Colombia\
Costa Rica\
Dominican Republic\
Ecuador\
El Salvador\
Guatemala\
Honduras\
Mexico\
Nicaragua\
Panama\
Paraguay\
Peru\
Puerto Rico\
Uruguay\
Venezuela

#### [Survey of the world’s Muslims](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-executive-summary/) (fieldwork in 2011-2012)

Albania\
Azerbaijan\
Bangladesh\
Iraq\
Jordan\
Kyrgyzstan\
Lebanon\
Morocco\
Niger\
Pakistan\
Palestinian territories\
Tajikistan\
Tunisia\
Turkey\
Uzbekistan

#### [Religion in sub-Saharan Africa](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/religion/2010/04/15/executive-summary-islam-and-christianity-in-sub-saharan-africa/) (fieldwork in 2008-2009)

Botswana\
Cameroon\
Chad\
Djibouti\
D.R. Congo\
Ethiopia\
Ghana\
Guinea-Bissau\
Kenya\
Liberia\
Mali\
Mozambique\
Nigeria\
Rwanda\
Senegal\
South Africa\
Tanzania\
Uganda\
Zambia