---
"title": "Appendix"
"description": "Overall, 70% of U.S. adults favor allowing any voter to vote by mail if they want to."
"date": "2020-04-28"
"authors":
  -
    "name": "Sara Atske"
"url": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/politics/2020/04/28/covid-19-elections-and-voting-appendix/"
"categories":
  - "Democracy"
  - "Election 2020"
  - "Election System & Voting Process"
  - "U.S. Democracy"
"datasets":
  -
    "name": "American Trends Panel Wave 65"
    "url": "https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/dataset/american-trends-panel-wave-65/"
---

# Appendix

### Vote-by-mail categorization for 2018

[![Categorization of vote by mail states](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/04/PP_2020.04.28_covid-19-elections-and-voting_A-01.png?w=640){.alignright width=280}](https://alpha.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/politics/2020/04/28/covid-19-elections-and-voting-appendix/pp_2020-04-28_covid-19-elections-and-voting_a-01-png/)

To categorize states for the vote-by-mail analysis, researchers used the Census Bureau’s 2018 Current Population Survey Voting and Registration Supplement data. This data was accessed through [CPS IPUMS database](https://cps.ipums.org/cps/) and contains information on the share of votes cast in person on Election Day, the percentage of votes cast in-person before Election Day, as well as the percentage of votes cast by mail.

States where 31% or more of voters cast ballots by mail in the 2018 midterm elections were categorized as “high” vote-by-mail states.

States where 10%-30% of voters cast ballots by mail were categorized as “medium,” and states where 0%-9% of voters cast ballots by mail were categorized as “low.”